注意欠陥/過剰活動障害のある学前期の子供のためのα2-アドレナジックアゴニストまたは刺激剤
Elizabeth Harstad1, Justine Shults2,3, William Barbaresi1
1Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|May 4, 2021
まとめ
刺激薬は学前期のADHDの改善率が高く,α2-アドレナジックアゴニストは副作用が少ない. 小児のADHD治療を比較するには もっと研究が必要です
科学分野:
- 小児神経学
- 発達行動小児科
- 薬理学について
背景:
- 注意欠陥/多動性障害 (ADHD) は,学前期の子供の約2.4%に影響します.
- 刺激薬は第一線治療ですが,この年齢層では有効性と安全性に関するデータが限られているにもかかわらず,α2-アドレナジックアゴニストは25%まで使用されています.
研究 の 目的:
- ADHDの学前期の子供におけるα2- アドレナジックアゴニストと刺激薬の症状改善と副作用の報告頻度を決定する.
主な方法:
- ADHD薬を服用した72ヶ月未満の497人の子供の電子医療記録の復元調査
- 2013年から2017年にかけての米国の発達行動小児診療所から抽象化されたデータです.
主要な成果:
- α2 アドレナゲンアゴニストを投与した子供の66%と,刺激剤を投与した子供の78%で改善が報告されました.
- 昼間の眠気はα2- アドレナゲンアゴニストでより一般的であった (38% 対 3%).
- 覚醒剤は気分が悪い (50%対29%),食欲低下 (38%対7%),睡眠障害 (21%対11%) と関連付けられました.
結論:
- ADHDの幼稚園児のほとんどはα2-アドレナジックアゴニストまたは刺激剤で改善を示しました.
- 薬のクラスには 異なる副作用のプロファイルがあります
- これらのADHD治療の有効性を比較するには ランダム化試験を含むさらなる研究が必要です
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