SARS-CoV-2のスパイク型L452Rの伝播,感染性,および中和
Xianding Deng1, Miguel A Garcia-Knight2, Mir M Khalid3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF-Abbott Viral Diagnostics and Discovery Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Cell
|May 15, 2021
まとめ
新しい重症急性呼吸器症候群コロナウイルス2型 (SARS-CoV-2) 変種であるB.1.427/B.1.429は,伝染性とウイルスの流出が増加したカリフォルニアで発生した. この変種は,回復した患者およびワクチン接種した個人の抗体に対する感受性の低下を示しています.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- ゲノミクス
- 流行病学
背景:
- 新型重症急性呼吸器症候群新型コロナウイルス2型 (SARS-CoV-2) の出現は,公衆衛生上の大きな課題となっている.
- パンデミックへの効果的な対応には,伝染性と免疫回避を含む新しい変種の特徴を理解することが不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- カリフォルニアの新興SARS-CoV-2変種を特定し,特徴づけること.
- 特定された変種の伝染性,ウイルス発散,抗体中和を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2,172個の鼻/鼻のサンプルの全ゲノムシーケンシング
- 時間の経過における変異の流行の分析
- 偽ウイルス感染検査と抗体中和検査を含むインビトロ試験.
主要な成果:
- 2020年9月から2021年1月までの間にカリフォルニアで発生した症例の0%から50%以上に増加したB.1.427/B.1.429の変種を特定した.
- この変種は,野生型株と比較して,伝染性が18. 6% - 24%増加し,ウイルスの発散が2倍に増加した.
- 抗体中和アッセイでは,回復期患者およびワクチン接種者における中和タイトルの4. 0~6. 7倍および2. 0倍減少を示した.
結論:
- B.1.427/B.1.429変種は,カリフォルニアで循環するより伝染性の高いSARS-CoV-2株です.
- この変種は,回復期およびワクチン受給者の抗体による中和に対する感受性が低下しています.
- この変種の有病率の増加と公衆衛生への介入への潜在的な影響により,さらなる調査が必要である.
キーワード:
20C/L452R についてB.1.427/B.1.429 についてコロナウイルスL452R変異SARS-CoV-2について抗体中和ゲノム流行病学分子年代測定偽ウイルス感染性試験スパイクタンパク質懸念される変種ウイルスの全ゲノム配列さらに関連する動画
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