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Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
24.8K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

4.8K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

1.9K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.9K
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

4.2K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
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スプライソーム抑制で捕獲され維持されたマウスの全能幹細胞

Hui Shen1, Min Yang2, Shiyu Li1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Cell
|May 15, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,全能幹細胞 (TSC) を in vitro で生成する方法を開発しました. マウス胚性幹細胞 (ESC) のスプライシングを阻害することで,完全な発達の可能性を持つTSCを生成し,幹細胞の研究を進めました.

キーワード:
キメラ胚性胚性幹細胞胚外プラディエノリドB多能性があるスプライソームスプライシングトートポテンツトランスクリプトーム

さらに関連する動画

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

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The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System
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The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Nov 5, 2025

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal
08:01

Oct4GiP Reporter Assay to Study Genes that Regulate Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance and Self-renewal

Published on: May 30, 2012

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Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

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The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System
08:24

The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System

Published on: February 28, 2017

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科学分野:

  • 発達生物学
  • 幹細胞生物学
  • 分子生物学

背景:

  • 活体ブラストメアに匹敵する全能細胞のインビトロ培養を確立することは大きな課題でした.
  • 胚性幹細胞 (ESC) は多能性を持っていますが,初期のブラストメアの完全な発達の可能性はありません.

研究 の 目的:

  • プラリポテンスからトーティポテンスへの移行を調節するスプライソームの作用を調査する.
  • 安定したトーティポテント細胞の in vitro 培養のための方法を開発する.

主な方法:

  • ネズミのESCにおけるスプライソーム活性を調節するために,スプライソーム阻害剤であるプラディエノリドBを使用した.
  • マウスキメリックアッセイと単細胞RNAシーケンシング (sc-RNA seq) を用い,発達の可能性と分子特性を評価した.
  • 多能性および多能性遺伝子の遺伝子組み換えパターンを分析した.

主要な成果:

  • マウスのESCから得られた,安定した全能ブラストメア型細胞 (TBLC) のin vitro培養を達成した.
  • TBLCは,胚性および胚外血統の両方を生成する,強固な双方向的発達能力を示した.
  • スプライソーム抑制は多能遺伝子のスプライシングを阻害し,同時に短いイントロンの有能遺伝子を活性化させた.

結論:

  • スプライソーム抑制は,ESCのトチポテンスの状態への移行を促す重要なメカニズムです.
  • 開発された方法は,全能幹細胞の採取と維持を in vitro で可能にします.
  • この画期的な発見は 胚の早期発育と 再生医療の研究に 新たな可能性をもたらします