恒星間彗星2I/ボリソフのコマに含まれるガス状の原子ニッケル
1Astronomical Observatory, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland. piotr.guzik@doctoral.uj.edu.pl.
Nature
|May 20, 2021
まとめ
恒星間彗星2I/ボリソフは 太陽系の彗星に驚くほど似ています 科学者たちは 寒い昏睡状態で 原子ニッケル蒸気を検出しました このような遠い天体では初めてです
科学分野:
- 天文学と天体物理学
- 惑星科学
- 彗星科学
背景:
- 星間彗星2I/ボリソフは2019年に発見され,その前身である1I/'オウムアムアとは異なり,太陽系彗星に似た特徴を示している.
- これまでの観測では,2I/ボリソフに馴染みのある彗星からの放射 (CN,C2,OH,CO) が確認され,一酸化炭素が豊富な太陽系彗星に似た組成を示唆した.
- 金属の蒸気は通常,高温 (>700 K) の彗星で観察され,通常は太陽を遮断する彗星に限られます.
研究 の 目的:
- 恒星間彗星2I/ボリソフの 寒いコマに金属の蒸気を 探すためだ
- 検出された金属種の起源と生産率を決定する.
- 金属元素に関する2I/ボリソフの組成を太陽系彗星と比較する.
主な方法:
- 2I/ボリソフの光譜観測は,太陽中心距離2.322天文単位で行われた.
- 分析は,彗星の冷たいコマ (平衡温度180K) で原子金属の蒸気を検出することに焦点を当てました.
- 一般的な彗星分子 (OH,CN) に関して検出された金属の生産率の定量化.
主要な成果:
- 原子ニッケル蒸気は2I/ボリソフの冷たいコマでスペクトロスコープで検出されました.
- ニッケルは短命なニッケルを含む分子から発生しているようです.
- ニッケル生産率は0.9 ± 0.3 × 10^22原子/秒と推定され,OHとCNに比べてわずかな割合であった.
結論:
- 2I/ボリソフのコールドコマにおけるガス相ニッケル検出は,彗星の金属蒸気の存在に関する以前の仮定に異議を唱える.
- この発見は,近年の太陽系彗星の冷たいコマにおける 鉄とニッケルに関する観測と一致しています
- 恒星間彗星は,以前考えられていたよりも,金属元素を含む太陽系彗星と組成的な類似性を共有している可能性があります.
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