SARS-CoV-2 感染症は,ヒトの長寿骨髄プラズマ細胞を誘発する
Jackson S Turner1, Wooseob Kim1, Elizaveta Kalaidina2
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Nature
|May 24, 2021
まとめ
軽度のCOVID-19感染は,長期的な免疫記憶を確立します. SARS-CoV-2抗体を産生する長寿命の骨髄プラズマ細胞 (BMPC) は,少なくとも11ヶ月持続し,再感染に対する強力な体内免疫を保証する.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- ウイルス学
- 感染症
背景:
- 長生きした骨髄血細胞 (BMPC) は,抗体の持続的産生と免疫の保護に不可欠です.
- COVID-19から回復した個人は再感染のリスクが低くなっているが,抗体レベルが低下しているため,短期間の体内免疫に関する懸念がある.
- SARS-CoV-2に特異的なBMPCの生成と持続は,軽度の感染後にまだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- SARS-CoV-2 に特異的な骨髄プラズマ細胞 (BMPC) の生成と長寿を軽度のCOVID-19 の後に調査する.
- 軽度のSARS-CoV-2感染が耐久性のユーモラル免疫記憶を誘発するかどうかを判断する.
- これらの抗体生成細胞の特徴と血清の抗体レベルとの相関性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 回復期 (11ヶ月まで) の患者における血清のSARS-CoV-2抗体レベルの急上昇 (S) の分析.
- 回復した個体と健康な対照群の骨髄アスピラートにおけるS特異性プラズマ細胞の定量化.
- BMPC特性 (静止) の評価と循環する記憶B細胞の検出
主要な成果:
- 血清のSARS-CoV-2S抗体のレベルは,感染後最初の4ヶ月間に適度に低下し,その後安定し,少なくとも11ヶ月間検出可能であった.
- 感染後7〜8ヶ月で回復した患者の骨髄アスピラートにS特異のBMPCが検出され,抗体位数と相関していた.
- S結合BMPCは静止状態で,安定した細胞貯蔵体を示し,循環する記憶B細胞も特定されました.
結論:
- 軽度のSARS-CoV-2感染は,人間に強固で長生きする抗原特異的幽默免疫記憶を誘発する.
- 持続的で静止しているS型BMPCの生成は,抗体レベルを持続させ,再感染に対する保護に貢献します.
- これらの発見は,天然のSARS-CoV-2感染によってもたらされる長期的な保護免疫を裏付けています.
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