脂解は,構成的に活性な受容体GPR3の発現を誘導し,脂肪熱生成を引き起こします
Olivia Sveidahl Johansen1, Tao Ma2, Jakob Bondo Hansen2
1Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Embark Biotech ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Adipocyte Signaling, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Cell
|May 28, 2021
まとめ
研究者は熱生成性脂肪細胞を活性化して エネルギーを消費する新しい方法を発見しました GPR3の発現を増加させることで,エネルギー消費を促し,外部リガンドなしで代謝疾患と闘う.
科学分野:
- 代謝に関する研究
- 脂肪細胞の生物学
- Gタンパク質結合受容体のシグナル伝達
背景:
- 発熱性アディポサイトは,通常,寒さやベータアドレナージック受容体によって活性化され,エネルギーを消費します.
- 従来のGタンパク質結合受容体 (GPCR) は,活性化のために外部リガンドを必要とします.
- 熱生成の代替経路を理解することは,代謝疾患の治療に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- GPCR媒介脂肪熱生成の新しいメカニズムを調査する.
- 構成的に活性な受容体GPR3のエネルギー消費における役割を調査する.
- GPR3の活性化が 代謝疾患を抑制するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- GPR3の固有のシグナル伝達活動とGs結合を研究した.
- 発熱性脂肪細胞に対するGpr3転写誘導の効果を評価した.
- 寒さと食中の脂肪によるGpr3発現の調節を研究した.
- ヒトの茶色脂肪細胞における GPR3 の役割を調べた.
主要な成果:
- GPR3のN端は固有信号活性を与え,構成的なcAMPの生成につながります.
- Gpr3のトランスクリプション誘導は,リガンドとは独立して,熱生成を活性化します.
- 脂肪細胞におけるGpr3発現の増加は,エネルギー消費を誘導し,マウスの代謝疾患を緩和する.
- GPR3の発現は,脂溶性信号によって冷凍刺激され,食事中の脂肪は,その熱生成効果を高めます.
- GPR3はアドレナージ信号から独立してヒトの茶色脂肪細胞を調節する.
結論:
- GPR3は,GPCR媒介による発熱の非正規の経路を表しています.
- 立体活性GPR3の脂解誘発発現は,熱生成活性化のための新しいメカニズムを提供します.
- GPR3は代謝障害の潜在的な治療標的である.
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