トレーシング 腸の幹細胞ニッチの腫瘍遺伝子駆動改造
Min Kyu Yum1,2, Seungmin Han1,2, Juergen Fink2
1Wellcome Trust-Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|June 3, 2021
まとめ
新しいRed2Oncoマウスモデルは 癌細胞がマイクロ環境を再構成する方法を示しています 腫瘍遺伝子を発現する腫瘍細胞は,正常な組織に有害なニッチを作り,癌のクローンの成長を促します.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 発達生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 腫瘍の微小環境の相互作用が 癌の進行,転移,再発を促す.
- これらの相互作用を研究するための脊椎動物モデルは限られている.
- ドロソフィラの過去のモザイク分析は理解を深めたが,脊椎動物への翻訳は困難である.
研究 の 目的:
- 変異した細胞と野生型の細胞を in vivo で追跡するための多色レポーターマウスモデルを開発する.
- 腫瘍遺伝子を発現させる細胞が 小腸内の周囲の微生物環境をどのように変化させるかを調査する.
主な方法:
- Red2Oncoシステムの開発,腫瘍遺伝子に関連した多色レポーターマウスモデル.
- Red2Oncoシステムを小腸に適用し,変異細胞と野生型の細胞の相互作用を研究する.
- 細胞組織,遺伝子発現 (BMP,WNT),およびストロマ細胞の変化の分析.
主要な成果:
- 腫瘍遺伝子を発現する突然変異の暗号は,隣接する野生型の暗号の組織を変化させ,クローン漂移を加速させる.
- 腫瘍性KRASまたはPI3Kを発現する突然変異の暗号はBMPリガンドを分泌し,局所的な幹細胞活動を抑制する.
- 腫瘍性PI3KはPDGFRloCD81+のストロマ細胞を変化させ,WNTのシグナル環境を変化させます.
結論:
- Red2Oncoシステムは,同じ組織内の変異性細胞と野生型の細胞の差異追跡を可能にします.
- 腫瘍遺伝子を駆動したパラクリンの改造は 野生型の組織維持に有害なニッチを作り出します
- このプロセスはフィールド変換を促進し,腫瘍性クローンの支配を好む.
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