温帯湖の広範な脱酸素化
Stephen F Jane1,2, Gretchen J A Hansen3, Benjamin M Kraemer4
1Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
Nature
|June 3, 2021
まとめ
溶けた酸素は世界のほとんどの湖で減少しており 生物多様性や水質に影響しています 淡水におけるこの広範囲にわたる酸素の損失は 気候変動と水の透明性の低下によって引き起こされ 海洋の減少を上回っています
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- リムノジー
- 気候変動に関する研究
背景:
- 溶解した酸素 (DO) は水生生態系にとって不可欠であり,生物多様性,栄養素の循環,水質を調節します.
- 海洋における長期的DO減少は気候温暖化に関連していますが,湖のDO傾向は十分に理解されていません.
- DO湖は複雑で,温度,層分化,分解,初次生産の影響を受けています.
研究 の 目的:
- 多くの温帯湖で溶けた酸素濃度の長期的傾向を調査する.
- 湖のDOの観測された変化の主な要因を特定し,表面と深海を区別する.
- 湖の生態系サービスに 気候変動と水の透明性の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 393の温帯湖から45,148の溶けた酸素と温度プロフィールの分析.
- 1941年から2017年までのDOと気温の長期トレンドの計算
- 水温,層分化,水の透明性などの要因と相関する統計分析.
主要な成果:
- 研究した湖の表面と深海の両方で,溶けた酸素の広範な減少が観察されました.
- 表面DOの減少は主に温暖化による溶解性の低下によるもので,植物プランクトンにより増加した高生産性湖を除く.
- 深海のDOの減少は,ガス溶解性の変化ではなく,熱的層分化の増加と水の透明性の低下に関連しています.
結論:
- 気候変動と水の透明性の低下が 湖の物理的・化学的条件を大きく変化させています
- 淡水のDOの減少は海よりもかなり大きい (2.759.3倍).
- 観察されたDO傾向は,重要な湖の生態系サービスと生物多様性に重大な脅威をもたらしています.
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