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Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

19.7K
The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
19.7K
The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

3.1K
Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
3.1K
Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

18.0K
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
18.0K
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

18.2K
Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order...
18.2K
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

50.3K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
50.3K
DNA Packaging00:58

DNA Packaging

108.8K
Overview
108.8K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
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塩基対解像度でのゲノム構造の定義

Peng Hua1, Mohsin Badat1, Lars L P Hanssen1

  • 1MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Nature
|June 10, 2021
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まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

基数対の解像度で遺伝子調節コンタクトをマッピングするために Micro-Capture-Cを開発しました. この方法は,転写因子とクロマチンのループ流出が組織特異的な遺伝子発現のためのエンハンサー-プロモーター相互作用を維持する方法を示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Mapping Mammalian 3D Genome Interactions with Micro-C-XL
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Mapping Mammalian 3D Genome Interactions with Micro-C-XL

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Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.
22:27

Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

Published on: May 6, 2010

410.2K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
16:24

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Published on: April 26, 2013

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Mapping Mammalian 3D Genome Interactions with Micro-C-XL
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Mapping Mammalian 3D Genome Interactions with Micro-C-XL

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Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.
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Hi-C: A Method to Study the Three-dimensional Architecture of Genomes.

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科学分野:

  • ゲノミクス
  • 分子生物学
  • エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • ユカリオットの遺伝子発現は増強剤によって調節され,しばしばプロモーターから遠く離れている.
  • 増強剤とプロモーターの物理的な接触は遺伝子調節に不可欠です.
  • これまでの方法では タンパク質レベルで これらの接触をマッピングする解像度がありませんでした

研究 の 目的:

  • 遺伝子調節要素間の物理的な接触をマッピングするための高解像度メソッドを開発する.
  • 増強剤と促進剤の相互作用の維持における転写因子とクロマチンの構造の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 染色体構成の捕捉技術であるマイクロキャプチャー-Cを開発した.
  • 規制要素間の相互作用をマッピングするためのベースペアの解像度を達成しました.
  • 強化剤,プロモーター,CCCTC結合因子 (CTCF) サイト間の接触を分析した.

主要な成果:

  • 強化剤,プロモーター,CTCFサイトとの間で非常に特定の接触が特定されました.
  • 増強剤と促進剤の接触を維持する上で,転写因子の重要な役割を実証した.
  • 介入クロマチンの活性プロモーターおよび強化剤と相関するCTCFサイト相互作用の増加が観察されました.

結論:

  • マイクロキャプチャー-Cは,クロマチンの相互作用を研究するために前例のない解像度を提供します.
  • トランスクリプションファクターは,エンハンサー・プロモーターのループを維持する上で重要な役割を果たします.
  • 活性調節要素のコヘシン負荷に依存するクロマチンループの流出は,組織特有のドメイン形成を説明する.