阻害性 スリープ アプネア と 心血管 疾患: アメリカ 心臓 協会 の 科学 的 な 声明
Circulation
|June 21, 2021
まとめ
阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症 (OSA) は,特に心臓病のある成人に多く見られます. より良い結果を得るために,CPAPまたは口腔器具を含むスクリーニングと治療が推奨されます.
科学分野:
- 心臓病科
- 睡眠医学
- 肺科
背景:
- 阻害性睡眠無呼吸 (OSA) は,呼吸道が阻害され,低酸素症と睡眠障害を引き起こします.
- 中年成人 (34% 男性,17% 女性) と心血管疾患の患者では有意に高い.
- OSAは,その影響にもかかわらず,心臓血管の実践で頻繁に診断されず,治療されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- OSAと心血管疾患の 重要な重複を強調するためです
- リスクの高い心臓患者集団におけるOSAのスクリーニングプロトコルの推奨
- 心血管疾患の改善におけるOSAの診断と管理の重要性を強調する
主な方法:
- OSAと心血管疾患に関する現在の文献と臨床ガイドラインのレビュー.
- OSAスクリーニングが必要な患者のサブグループを特定する.
- OSAの治療方法についての議論
主要な成果:
- OSAは高血圧,心不全,脳卒中を患っている患者の40~80%に影響します.
- 検診のための特定の推奨事項には,耐性高血圧,肺高血圧,心房細動,心不全 (NYHAクラスII-IV) の患者が含まれます.
- 心律不全,胸痛,ICDショックを患っている患者は,併発性OSAを患っている可能性があります.
結論:
- 既定の心血管疾患の患者では,体系的なOSAスクリーニングが不可欠です.
- 治療の選択肢には,ライフスタイルの変更,継続的な正気圧 (CPAP),および口腔器具が含まれます.
- 効果的なOSA管理は,心血管疾患のリスクを軽減し,患者の予後を改善することができます.
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