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肥満は,幹細胞中心の収束メカニズムによって髪の毛の薄れを加速させる

Hironobu Morinaga¹, Yasuaki Mohri¹, Marina Grachtchouk²

¹Department of Stem Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

|June 24, 2021

まとめ

肥満は髪の毛の幹細胞 (HFSCs) にストレスを与えることで,髪の毛の薄れを加速します. この研究では脂肪が多い食事が幹細胞の機能を損ない脱毛につながることを明らかにしましたがソニック・ヘッジホッグ (SHH) のシグナリングを活性化することでこれを逆転させることができます

科学分野:

幹細胞生物学
皮膚科
代謝疾患

背景:

肥満は年齢に関係する病気で世界的に蔓延しています
髪の毛の縮小と脱毛は老化と幹細胞の枯渇と関連しています
臓器機能障害,特に毛皮に肥満が与える正確な影響は不明です

研究の目的:

肥満に起因するストレスが毛皮幹細胞 (HFSC) に与える影響を調査する.
肥満が脱毛を加速させる分子メカニズムを解明する
肥満による脱毛の治療目標を探るため

主な方法:

若いマウスの高脂肪食 (HFD) 給餌
遺伝子発現を分析する
幹細胞の運命をたどるエピジェネティクスと逆遺伝学
反応性酸素種,脂質滴,NF-κB活性化の分析
ソニック・ヘッジホッグ (SHH) の信号経路を調査している.
SHHのトランスゲンおよび薬学的活性化

主要な成果:

HFDの餌は,過剰な反応性酸素種によるHFSCのケラチニゼーションを引き起こしたが,HFSCの数を枯渇させなかった.
IL- 1Rシグナル伝達により,HFDが誘発した脂肪滴とHFSCにおけるNF- kBの活性化.
これらの要因は,HFSCにおけるSHHシグナル伝達を阻害し,異常な分化,毛胞の小型化,および脱毛を引き起こした.
SHH信号の活性化により,HFDによる脱毛が救われました.

結論:

肥満に起因する幹細胞の炎症は臓器の再生信号を抑制し毛皮のような小さな臓器の縮小を加速します
これらの発見は肥満が高齢化に伴う臓器機能不全を加速させる有害な役割を強調しています
幹細胞の炎症と再生経路をターゲットにすることで肥満に関連する脱毛を予防したり治療したりする戦略が提供されます

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