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関連する概念動画

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.5K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.5K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.5K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.5K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.9K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.9K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

2.3K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
2.3K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.2K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.2K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.0K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into...
3.0K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Oct 31, 2025

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

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混合物からの配列制御:スイッチ可能なポリメリゼーション触媒と将来の材料の応用

Arron C Deacy1, Georgina L Gregory1, Gregory S Sulley1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 30, 2021
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究は,持続可能な高性能コポリマーを作るための新しい切り替え可能なポリメリゼーション触媒を導入します. この方法は精密なブロックシーケンス制御を可能にし,高度な材料のアプリケーションのリサイクルと分解を容易にします.

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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

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関連する実験動画

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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 持続可能な材料科学
  • カタリシス

背景:

  • 高性能ポリマーの需要の増加は ライフサイクルの持続可能性の必要性と衝突しています
  • エステル,炭酸,またはエーテル結合の共ポリマーは,バランスを促進する化学反応により,分解およびリサイクルの可能性を備えています.
  • 再生可能または廃棄物から得られるモノメアは より持続可能なポリマー生産に利用できます.

研究 の 目的:

  • ブロック配列選択共ポリマーを合成するための効率的で広く適用可能な方法を提示する.
  • 切り替え可能なポリメリゼーション触媒の原理と触媒設計について議論する.
  • 生成したコポリマーの特徴,特性,応用について調べる.

主な方法:

  • 交換可能なポリメリゼーション触媒システムの開発.
  • 単一の触媒を用いて 異なる触媒サイクルを切り替える
  • モノマー混合物からブロック配列選択コポリマーを製造する.

主要な成果:

  • 特定のブロックコポリマーを合成するための効率的で多用途な経路の実証.
  • 先進的なツールを使用してコポリマー構造と選択性の特徴づけ.
  • 熱可塑性エラストマーや自己組み立てナノ構造を含む多様な特性や応用に関する研究.

結論:

  • スイッチ可能なポリメリゼーション触媒は,持続可能な共ポリマー合成に強力なアプローチを提供します.
  • 開発された方法は,コポリマーアーキテクチャの正確な制御を可能にする.
  • 将来の研究方向には,これらの高度なポリマー材料のさらなる触媒最適化と拡張されたアプリケーションが含まれます.