21世紀における人間社会の有意義な指標

David Lazer^1,2, Eszter Hargittai³, Deen Freelon⁴

¹Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. d.lazer@northeastern.edu.

Nature

|July 1, 2021

まとめ

科学者はこれまで以上に人間の行動を観察できますがこのデータから科学的な意味を引き出すことは大きな課題ですこの情報を効果的に分析するには新しい理論と方法が必要です

科学分野:

社会科学
データサイエンス
社会学

背景:

現代科学は観測可能で測定可能な現象によって制限されています
21世紀は,データの利用可能性が増加したため,人間社会の研究にユニークな機会を提示しています.
コミュニケーションから動きまで行動データは今や研究のためにもっとアクセスしやすくなりました

研究の目的:

人間の行動の観察と定量化のための大規模な機器の潜在能力を評価する.
研究目的で収集されていないデータから科学的な意味を引き出す方法を探求する.
大規模な行動データによって引き起こされる概念的,計算的,倫理的な課題に対処する.

主な方法:

行動データに適用される科学的測定の原理の分析.
人間の行動の構造的表現と定量化のための技術の評価.
データ管理,利用,分析に関する既存および潜在的なアプローチのレビュー.

主要な成果:

膨大な量の行動データが現在利用可能になっておりこれまでの科学的な能力を超えています
科学研究のために作成されていないデータの解釈と利用には大きな課題があります.
現在の科学理論は現代のデータの複雑さに対処するのに不十分かもしれません

結論:

データ収集能力に追いつくためには科学的理論の更新が不可欠です
大規模な行動データセットの管理,使用,分析には新しいアプローチが必要です.
社会的科学の進歩には,データ利用と科学的理解の間のギャップを埋めることが不可欠です.

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