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熟練した動きの基礎にある神経回路の状態の変化
Mark J Wagner1, Joan Savall2, Oscar Hernandez3
1Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; CNC Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell
|July 2, 2021
まとめ
研究者らは,小脳と下部オリーブ (IO) 回路の神経同期が 熟練した運動学習中に変化することを発見しました この脳の活動の変化は 運動システムを協調した行動に備えています
科学分野:
- 運動神経科学
- システム神経科学
- 計算神経科学
背景:
- 神経活動の状態の変化は 複雑な動きのための タイムロック ニューラルアセンブリに理論化されています
- しかし,運動制御におけるこの仮説を支持する経験的証拠は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 熟練した運動学習の基礎となるのは,自律的な神経スパイクから一貫性のある神経スパイクへの移行であるかどうかを調査する.
- 前肢の標的運動の調整におけるオリーボ・セレベラー回路の役割を調べる.
主な方法:
- ターゲットに到達するタスクを実行するマウスにおける小脳パーキンジェ神経複合体のピークのイメージング.
- 下のオリーブに脳小胞のフィードバックを操作する
- ニューラルネットワークのダイナミクスの計算モデル化
主要な成果:
- リーチタスクの学習は 前肢の横側にある小脳に 空間時間的にコヒーレントなピークを誘導します
- 神経同期は運動の一貫性を予測し 動きが始まる前に 乱れから同期したスパイクに切り替えることが示されました
- オプトジェネティック介入は 神経の同期と動きの方向を 双方向に変えました
結論:
- 学習した動きを準備するために オリボ・セレベラー系が同期状態に移行し 運動の協調性を高めます
- このニューラル状態の変化は,オリヴァリーネットワークのダイナミクスにおける潜在的分岐であり,行動移行のための他のニューラルシステムに一般化することができます.
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