急性呼吸障害症候群

Nuala J Meyer¹, Luciano Gattinoni², Carolyn S Calfee³

¹Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)

|July 4, 2021

まとめ

急性呼吸器障害症候群 (ARDS) は高い死亡率で診断と治療に問題があります. このレビューは,ARDSの流行病学,管理戦略,およびCOVID-19に特有の考慮事項を網羅しています.

科学分野:

肺科
クリティカルケア医療
感染症

背景:

急性呼吸器障害症候群 (ARDS) は,低酸素症と肺腫によって特徴づけられる重度の肺損傷である.
COVID-19 パンデミックはARDSの発生率を増加させ,治療の限界と高い死亡率を明らかにしました.
ARDSに対する有効な薬剤療法はまだ未定です.

研究の目的:

ARDSの流行病学,危険因子,診断に関する現在の知識を要約する.
機械呼吸器とサポートケアを含む,証拠に基づいた臨床管理の検討.
COVID-19に関連するARDSを含むARDSに関する論争と将来の研究方向について議論する.

主な方法:

ARDSに関する既存の研究の文献レビューと合成.
疫学的データと危険因子の分析
臨床管理戦略と成果の評価

主要な成果:

ARDSは様々な危険因子を持つ多様な患者集団に影響します.
機械的換気とサポートケアが ARDSの管理の礎です
COVID-19に関連したARDSは類似点があるが,他のARDSの病因とも違いがある.

結論:

ARDSは依然として高い死亡率で重要な臨床的課題です.
ARDSに対する効果的な薬剤療法を開発するには,さらなる研究が必要である.
COVID-19に関連したARDSを理解することは,患者のケアを最適化するために極めて重要です.

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