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ガザでの健康攻撃と保護戦略:WHOのヘルスケアへの攻撃の監視システムからのデータを用いた混合方法の研究
Walaa Shehada1, Benjamin Bouquet2, Juliana Nassar2
1WHO, occupied Palestinian territory, Gaza.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 6, 2021
まとめ
ガザのグレート・マーチ・オブ・リターンでは,医療従事者が大きな暴力に直面し,845人が負傷し,3人が死亡しました. よりよい監視と説明責任を含む保護戦略の改善は,医療従事者の安全にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 世界保健安全保障
- 人道的医療
背景:
- WHOは医療への攻撃を,緊急時に医療サービスの提供を妨げる暴力と定義しています.
- ガザのグレート・マーチ・オブ・リターン (GMR) は,パレスチナ人の犠牲者が多く,医療スタッフが暴力にさらされた.
- この研究は,医療従事者の脆弱性を調査し,攻撃モニタリングシステムを評価し,GMR中に保護戦略を特定することを目的とした.
研究 の 目的:
- ガザのGreat March of Returnでの攻撃に対する医療従事者の脆弱性を調査する.
- 医療への攻撃を監視するシステムの有効性と包括性を評価する.
- 医療従事者の保護を強化するための戦略と介入を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2018年3月から2019年12月までのガザ地区におけるヘルスケアへの攻撃に関する世界保健機関の監視システム (SSA) のデータ分析.
- 攻撃の種類,傷害メカニズム,および事件の人口分布の検討.
- SSAのパートナーとのインタビューやフォーカスグループを通じて定性的なデータ収集を行い,データギャップと保護のニーズを理解します.
主要な成果:
- 567件の確認された事件で,医療従事者3人が死亡し,845人が負傷し,129台の車両と7つの医療施設が損傷しました.
- 医療従事者の負傷と死亡は,パレスチナ人の全体的な犠牲者 (R2=0.54) と中等に相関しており,総犠牲者の2%を占めています.
- 定性的な調査結果は,暴力の正常化,攻撃の報告不足,保護装備と調整された保護戦略の大きなギャップを明らかにしました.
結論:
- 医療従事者は重大な個人リスク下で活動しており,民間人の保護活動に合わせて統合された保護戦略が必要である.
- 医療への攻撃に対する強化された訓練,強力な監視,より良い調整,より強力な説明責任など,システム上の改善が必要である.
- 医療従事者の保護は不可欠であり,特に占領と市民のデモの状況では,攻撃の文書と説明責任の措置を結びつける必要があります.
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