ネオプロテロゾイク初期の微生物のサンゴ礁におけるポリフェラン体の化石
1Harquail School of Earth Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. eturner@laurentian.ca.
Nature
|July 29, 2021
まとめ
最古の動物の化石は 8億9千万年前のものと考えられています これらの化石は,ネオプロテロゾイク期の酸素化イベントより前の初期のスポンジを表す可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 古生物学
- 地質学
- 進化生物学
背景:
- 分子遺伝学では,メタゾオ (動物) が新プロテロゾイク時代の初期に発生したと示唆しているが,物理的な証拠は依然として稀である.
- プロテロゾイク時代の動物の化石を特定することは,予想される物理的特徴に関する不確実性のために困難です.
- 最も基本的な動物種である非状のケラトサン・デモスポンジは,ファネロゾイク期のサンゴ礁や微生物炭酸体に見られる微生物構造を有する.
研究 の 目的:
- 約8億9千万年前のサンゴ礁から採取した 石版で同一の微生物構造を紹介する
- 動物の最古の化石を 提供するためです
- ネオプロテロゾイク期の酸素化現象より前に動物が現れて 凍結期の氷河期を生き延びた 最初の物理的証拠を提供するためです
主な方法:
- 古代のサンゴ炭酸塩の微細構造のペトログラフィック分析
- プロテロゾイク期の微細構造と既知のファネロゾイク期の化石スポンジ (ケラトザン・デモスポンジ) の比較.
- 生物の生息地の生態学的文脈分析は,化サイアノバクテリアに関連しています.
主要な成果:
- 約8億9千万年前のサンゴ礁で,非状のケラトサンデモスポンジと同一の微細構造が確認された.
- この生物は サイアノバクテリアのカルシフィケーションによって作られた サンゴ礁の内側にある マイクロニッチに住んでいました
- この発見は 発見された最も古い 可能性のある動物の体化石の証拠です
結論:
- 特定された虫型微細構造は,初期のケラトースポンジの化石化した組織を表している可能性があります.
- この発見は,ネオプロテロゾーイク期の酸素化の事象に先立つ可能性のある,動物生命の最も初期の物理的証拠を提供します.
- 発見は動物が存在し 大規模な凍結期氷河期を生き延びたことを示唆しています
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