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妊娠糖尿病のスクリーニング:米国予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明

, Karina W Davidson1, Michael J Barry2

  • 1Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York.

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|August 10, 2021
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まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

妊娠24週以降の妊娠中の妊婦のスクリーニングは,母親と乳児の健康に適度な利点をもたらします. 24週前の早期スクリーニングは,その利益と害を決定するのに十分な証拠がない.

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科学分野:

  • 産婦人科
  • 内分泌学
  • 予防 医療

背景:

  • 妊娠中糖尿病 (GDM) は,米国における妊娠の5.8%~9.2%に影響し,母親と胎児の合併症のリスクを増大します.
  • 合併症には妊娠前出血症,胎児マクロソミア,出産時の傷害,新生児低血糖症,母親と子供の長期的な健康問題があります.
  • USPSTF (米国予防サービスタスクフォース) は,GDMのスクリーニングと治療に関する証拠をレビューしました.

研究 の 目的:

  • GDMのスクリーニングの正確性,利益,害を評価する.
  • 妊婦と新生児に対するGDM治療の利害を評価する.

主な方法:

  • USPSTFが依頼した 体系的な調査
  • 1型または2型糖尿病のない妊婦に焦点を当てた.
  • 検診の精度,利益,GDM介入の害を評価した.

主要な成果:

  • 妊娠24週またはそれ以降のGDMスクリーニングの適度な純利益の確実性
  • 24週未満のスクリーニングの利点と害を決定するには,証拠は不十分です.
  • 検診の目的は 妊婦と胎児の健康状態を改善することです

結論:

  • USPSTFは,24週目以降の無症状の妊婦のGDMスクリーニングを推奨しています.
  • 妊娠24週前までのスクリーニングを評価するには,現在の証拠は不十分です.
  • 推奨された時間帯でのスクリーニングは,GDMに関連するリスクを軽減することができます.