ニューロメセンキマ単位は,脳脂肪回路を通じて,ILC2と肥満を制御する
Filipa Cardoso1,2, Roel G J Klein Wolterink1, Cristina Godinho-Silva1
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
Nature
|August 19, 2021
まとめ
シンパティック神経とメゼンキマ細胞を含む 新しい脳脂肪回路が 脂肪の免疫細胞を制御します この神経メセンキマは,第2群の先天性リンパ球 (ILC2) を調節することで,代謝,インスリン抵抗性,肥満に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 神経内分泌学
- 免疫学
- 代謝に関する研究
背景:
- 神経系と免疫系との相互作用は 炎症と宿主の防御の重要な調節因子です
- 脳と体の軸を通して代謝と肥満を調整する 神経免疫協力の役割は不明である.
- 脂肪組織の生物学は,交感性ニューロンと免疫細胞からの信号によって影響を受けます.
研究 の 目的:
- 代謝と肥満の調節における 神経細胞と免疫細胞の協力関係を調査する.
- 脂肪組織生理,代謝,そして脳脂肪回路を通して肥満を制御する神経メセンキーマユニットを特定する.
主な方法:
- 交感神経末端の活動と脂肪内膜細胞への影響を分析した.
- グリア系神経栄養因子 (GDNF) 発現とグループ2の先天性リンパ球細胞 (ILC2) の活性が評価されました.
- 神経回路をマッピングするために逆行トレース,化学,外科,化学遺伝的操作が採用されました.
主要な成果:
- 交感性神経末端は,β2-アドレナゲン受容体を通して脂肪内メゼンキマ細胞を調節し,性腺脂肪のGDNF発現とILC2活動を制御する.
- GDNF受容体のILC2特異的な操作はILC2の機能,エネルギー消費,インスリン抵抗性,肥満感受性を変化させた.
- 陰性脂肪のILC2sを下垂体領域に接続する交感性大動脈回路が特定されました.
結論:
- ニューロメセンキーマユニットは,神経信号を脂肪系ILC2機能に変換し,宿主の代謝と肥満に影響を与えます.
- この脳脂肪回路は エネルギーバランスと 代謝の健康を 制御する新しいメカニズムを示しています
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