声 を 覚える 蝙蝠 の 喋り方 は,人間 の 赤ちゃん の 喋り方 に 似 て いる
Ahana A Fernandez1,2, Lara S Burchardt1,2, Martina Nagy1
1Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
まとめ
コウモリの子は 赤ちゃんの声の発達を 反映した8つの特徴を 発声します この発見により 声の学習とその基礎となるメカニズムに関する 種間研究が進められます
科学分野:
- 比較心理学について
- バイオアコースティック
- 発達言語学
背景:
- 赤ちゃんの言語発達において 発声は重要なマイルストーンです
- 非人間哺乳類のバババの証拠は限られており,種間比較を妨げています.
- 声の生産学習は,人間以外の哺乳類でも観察され,類似の行動の可能性を示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- サコプテリックス・ビリネアタ (声の学習能力のあるコウモリ種) のババババの行動を調査し,特徴づけること.
- 赤ちゃんのバババの特徴と 赤ちゃんのバババの特徴を比較する
- 音声オントゲニスの種間比較の可能性を探る
主な方法:
- 20匹のサコプテリックス・ビリネアタの 鳴き声の分析です
- 3ヶ月の発達期間の発声の観察 (オントジェニー).
- 赤ちゃんのバババのデータセットとバババの音響と構造の比較分析
主要な成果:
- Saccopteryx bilineataのウサギの幼虫でババババの行動が特定され,分析されました.
- コウモリの子のバババは 8つの特徴を示しており 人間の赤ちゃんのバババと一致しています
- リドプリケーションやリズムといった 重要な特徴は 両種のババリングに存在していました
結論:
- 喋りは人間の乳児に特有のものではないし,少なくとも1つの非人間哺乳類,サコプテリックス・ビリネアタに発生する.
- 喋り方における共通の特徴は 収束的な進化や 声の発達のための保存された祖先のメカニズムを示唆しています
- これらの発見は 種間のバババの 認知的,神経分子的,適応的側面に関する 将来の研究のための基盤を提供します
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