動脈動 (STROKESTOP) の体系的なスクリーニングにおける臨床結果: マルチセンター,並列グループ,マスクなし,ランダム化制御試験
Emma Svennberg1, Leif Friberg2, Viveka Frykman2
1Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 1, 2021
まとめ
高齢者の心房細動に対する系統的なスクリーニングは,脳卒中と死亡を減らす小さな純利益を示しました. このアプローチは高齢者の早期発見と治療に 安全で効果的です
科学分野:
- 心臓病科
- 高齢者医療
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 動脈動は 血性脳卒中の主要な危険因子です
- 早期発見と抗凝固薬による治療は,脳卒中のリスクと死亡率を大幅に減らすことができます.
- この研究では,高齢者集団における定期的な心房細動のスクリーニングの影響を調査した.
研究 の 目的:
- 75歳から76歳までの被験者において,心房細動に対する定期的なスクリーニングが死亡率と罹患率を減少させるかどうかを評価する.
- スクリーニングプログラムを通じて心房細動の早期発見の安全性と有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- スウェーデンの75~76歳の人々を対象とした多センターランダム化対照試験 (STROKESTOP).
- 参加者は,心房細動スクリーニング群または対照群にランダムに分けられました.
- 検診には14日間の心電図 (ECG) が含まれており,検診時に口服抗凝固薬が提供されました.
主要な成果:
- 28,000人以上がランダム化され,7165人がスクリーニングに参加した (51.3%).
- 6. 9年の追跡期間を経て,スクリーニンググループでは,対照グループよりも少数の主要なエンドポイントイベント (脳卒中,血栓,出血,死亡) が発生しました (HR 0. 96, p=0. 045).
- スクリーニングの介入は 統計的に有意な,しかし小さな,純利益を示した.
結論:
- 高齢者集団における心房細動のシステマティックスクリーニングは,わずかな純利益をもたらします.
- 研究結果は,心房細動のスクリーニングが高齢者にとって安全で有益な戦略であることを示しています.
- 心房細動の早期発見とスクリーニングによる治療は,心血管疾患の有害な結果の軽減に貢献します.
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