アマゾンの生物多様性への影響 規制緩和,干ばつ,火災の拡大
Xiao Feng1, Cory Merow2, Zhihua Liu3
1Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. fengxiao.sci@gmail.com.
Nature
|September 2, 2021
まとめ
アマゾンの生物多様性は 森林破壊や火災によって 深刻な脅威にさらされています 有効な森林政策と執行は,生息地の喪失を緩和し,脆弱な種の範囲を保護するために不可欠です.
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 保護生物学
- リモートセンシング
背景:
- アマゾン流域の生物多様性は 環境と気候の安定に不可欠です
- 森林破壊と火災は アマゾンの生物種に重大な脅威をもたらしています
- 火災の影響で生息地が 失われることが増えています
研究 の 目的:
- アマゾンの生物多様性に対する 森林破壊と火災の影響を 数値化するためです
- 森林政策と火災の影響を受けた地域の関係を評価する.
- 種の範囲,特に絶滅危惧種への潜在的な影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 火災と森林破壊のリモートセンシングデータを活用した.
- 11,514の植物と3,079の脊椎動物種の総合的な範囲の推定を分析した.
- 森林政策の変更と火災の影響を受けた森林地域との相関関係
主要な成果:
- 2001年以来の火災は103,079~189,755平方キロメートルの熱帯雨林に影響を与えました.
- 絶滅危惧種の範囲の77.3~85.2%に火災が起きました.
- 2019年の緩和された政策の実施により,火災の影響が増加しました.
結論:
- 森林政策とその実施はアマゾンの生物多様性の保全に不可欠です.
- 限られた範囲の種は 野火によって不釣り合いな影響を受けます
- 政策の介入により,火災の影響を大幅に減らし,生物多様性を保護できます.
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