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Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

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The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
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Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

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The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession,...
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Nuclear Fission02:50

Nuclear Fission

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Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Oct 20, 2025

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
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核崩壊超新星と一致する一時的な無線源

D Z Dong1, G Hallinan1, E Nakar2

  • 1Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 13, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

潜在的合併による超新星から 発光した電波を発見した このイベントは,初期の相対論ジェットと遅い時間の相互作用を示し,バイナリ誘発の恒星爆発の理論を支持します.

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Recombination Dynamics in Thin-film Photovoltaic Materials via Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity
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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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関連する実験動画

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科学分野:

  • 天体物理学
  • スター進化
  • 爆発性トランジタ

背景:

  • 核崩壊超新星は 巨大な恒星の核融合が停止した結果です
  • 超新星を誘発して 核融合を早期に中断させるという説があります
  • ラジオトランジエントは 超新星噴出物と相互作用環境の洞察を提供します

研究 の 目的:

  • 発光電波の発見と分析を報告する VT J121001+495647
  • バイナリ相互作用と超新星特性の間の潜在的なリンクを調査する.
  • 融合による超新星爆発の 理論的予測をテストする

主な方法:

  • Very Large Array Sky Surveyからのデータを利用して ラジオトランジエントを検出しました
  • 超新星放射の性質と周囲の物質との相互作用を推測するために,放射を分析した.
  • ラジオトランジエントとアーカイブX線トランジエントを関連付け,相対論的なジェット活動を特定した.

主要な成果:

  • VT J121001+495647 射出物との衝突に 適合する放射を検出しました
  • 証拠は,超新星の前に二次相互作用によって放出された物質の密度の高い殻の存在を示唆しています.
  • 爆発時に相対論ジェットが 打ち上げられたことを示している

結論:

  • 観測された無線トランジエントと関連するX線イベントは,合併主導の超新星という仮説を支持する.
  • 初期の相対論的ジェットと遅い時間の密度の相互作用の組み合わせは,バイナリ誘発爆発の理論的モデルと一致しています.
  • この発見は,核崩壊超新星への代替経路の観測証拠を提供します.