国々 を 養う 水産 食品
Christopher D Golden1,2,3, J Zachary Koehn4, Alon Shepon5,6,7
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. golden@hsph.harvard.edu.
Nature
|September 16, 2021
まとめ
水産動物由来食品 (AASF) の生産を増やすことで,世界の栄養を大幅に改善できます. AASFの価格を下げ,消費を増やし,数百万の微量栄養素の不足を防ぐことが予測されています.
科学分野:
- 栄養学
- 食糧システム分析
- 水産研究
背景:
- 水産食品はしばしば過小評価され 基本的な栄養指標に絞られ 健康的な食事への多様な貢献が 見過ごされています
- 世界的な食糧システムは 栄養失調や食糧不足の問題を 解決する上で 課題に直面しています
- 水産生産は水産食品の供給を増やすためのイノベーションの重要な分野です.
研究 の 目的:
- 陸生と水生の多様な食物源を統合することで,水生食品が人間の栄養に与える将来の影響をモデル化すること.
- 水産動物由来食品 (AASF) の生産を2030年までに2つのシナリオで計画する.ベースラインと高生産シナリオ.
- AASFの消費の変化に伴う健康への影響と栄養上の脆弱性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 陸上の食物と約3000の水生食物分類を統合した統合モデルを開発した.
- AASFの生産を2030年まで2つのシナリオで予測し,その中には水産生産量の増加による高生産シナリオが含まれています.
- AASFの消費,価格,および微量栄養素の摂取と食事に関連する疾患を含む推定健康結果の変化を分析した.
主要な成果:
- AASFの高生産シナリオでは,価格が26%低下し,世界的に消費が増加する可能性があります.
- AASFの消費量が増加すると,赤肉や加工肉の摂取量が減り,非伝染性疾患のリスクが低下する可能性があります.
- 高生産シナリオでは,約166百万の微量栄養素の不十分な摂取を防ぐことが予測されています.
結論:
- 特に水産養殖を通じて 水産食品の生産を拡大することは,世界の栄養を向上させる重要な機会を提供します.
- 政策立案者や関係者は水産食品を活用して 食料と栄養の不確実性や様々な形態の栄養不良と闘うことができます
- 多様な水産食品を 食事のモデルに組み込むことは 栄養の潜在力を理解する上で 極めて重要です
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