Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

162.1K
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
162.1K
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

20.9K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
20.9K
What are Membranes?01:54

What are Membranes?

177.2K
A key characteristic of life is the ability to separate the external environment from the internal space. To do this, cells have evolved semi-permeable membranes that regulate the passage of biological molecules. Additionally, the cell membrane defines a cell’s shape and interactions with the external environment. Eukaryotic cell membranes also serve to compartmentalize the internal space into organelles, including the endomembrane structures of the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and...
177.2K
Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters01:19

Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters

6.0K
Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...
6.0K
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

14.0K
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
14.0K
Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane01:22

Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane

2.0K
Cell division and enlargement are processes that require precise control. The control ensures that cell division cannot proceed unless the cell has grown to a specific size. A spherical, dividing cell requires an approximately 1.6X increase in its surface area to double its volume. The secretory pathway also has a significant role in cell membrane enlargement. Secretory vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus and later fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis are a major source of...
2.0K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Organization and Triggered Release of Liposomes with DNA-Based Synthetic Condensates.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Direct evidence and quantification of homologous recognition between DNA duplexes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Tandem Oligonucleotide Synthesis Enabled by a Reducible Linker.

Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology·2026
Same author

Magneto-optical microscopy platform for quantitative imaging of hemozoin in blood for malaria diagnosis.

Biomedical optics express·2026
Same author

A Facile Strategy for 3'-Terminal Functionalization of DNA and RNA via On-Column Conjugation with Integration into Tandem Oligonucleotide Synthesis.

Current protocols·2026
Same author

Acyclic serinol nucleic acid modification of siRNAs overcomes seed region mediated off-target effects while maintaining potency.

Nucleic acids research·2026

関連する実験動画

Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.4K

熱 を 駆使 する 膜 段階 移行 は,原始 的 な 細胞 の 中 の 内容 の 再 混合 を 可能 に し ます

Roger Rubio-Sánchez1, Derek K O'Flaherty2, Anna Wang3

  • 1Biological and Soft Systems, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 1, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

環境の変動により 膜の相変異が起こり 原始的な細胞は 内容を放出したり 混ぜ合わせたりしました このプロセスは機能しない親から機能する子プロトセルを生成し,ダーウィンの進化を開始した.

さらに関連する動画

Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients
08:15

Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients

Published on: July 16, 2018

8.1K
Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

3.9K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.4K
Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients
08:15

Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients

Published on: July 16, 2018

8.1K
Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

3.9K

科学分野:

  • 生命 研究 の 起源
  • バイオ物理学
  • 前生物化学

背景:

  • 単鎖のアンフィフィルは 原始的な細胞サイクルに不可欠です
  • プレバイオティック脂肪酸膜は,温度とpHに対して不安定であり,細胞のプロセスを制限する.
  • 環境の変動が 初期の細胞進化に 影響したのかもしれません

研究 の 目的:

  • プロトセル生成と内容のシャッフリングにおける膜相移行の役割を調査する.
  • 環境の変動が 機能的な原細胞の形成を促す方法を探る
  • 初期の生命体における ダーウィンの進化のメカニズムを提案する

主な方法:

  • 脂肪酸ベシクルにおける膜から油への可逆的相変化をモデル化する.
  • 温度の変動が膀の安定性や容量の放出に及ぼす影響を分析する.
  • 非機能的な親の区画から機能的なRNAを含む原細胞の出現を観察する.

主要な成果:

  • 高温で溶解し,低温で再組成する,可逆性のある膜から油への相移行が特定されました.
  • このサイクルにより,オリゴヌクレオチドを含む原細胞の内容の放出と再混合が容易になりました.
  • 解体/再組み立てプロセスは,非機能のプロトセルから機能的なRNAを含むプロトセルを成功裏に生成しました.

結論:

  • 環境の変動と膜の相移行は,原細胞の内容の再編成と機能的な原始細胞の出現のための妥当なメカニズムを提供します.
  • プリバイオティクスの固有の不安定性は 生命の初期進化に不可欠な環境主導のプロセスに利用できます
  • このメカニズムは 輸送機械の欠如で ダーウィンの進化を始めるための 潜在的な経路を提供します