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エラー修正量子ビットの容認制御
Laird Egan1,2,3, Dripto M Debroy4,5, Crystal Noel6,7
1Joint Quantum Institute, Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA. laird.egan@gmail.com.
Nature
|October 5, 2021
まとめ
欠陥耐性回路は実際の量子システムで実証され,エラーが大幅に減少しました. この突破により より正確な量子計算が可能になり 堅牢な量子コンピューティングの道が開けます
科学分野:
- 量子情報科学
- 実験的な量子コンピューティング
- 量子エラー 修正
背景:
- 量子誤差補正は より大きなシステムに情報を暗号化して 騒音から保護します
- コード化された量子ビットの制御は 複雑さを増し,故障耐性の回路を必要とします.
- 過去の故障耐久性回路のデモでは 量子システムのノイズがありませんでした
研究 の 目的:
- 誤差を修正した物理システムでの故障耐性回路を実験的に実証する.
- 固有のノイズ特性に対する故障耐性プロトコルの有効性を評価する.
- 正確な論理量子ビット操作の 実現可能性を確立するために
主な方法:
- 13個のイオンクビットを使って 容認回路を作りました
- ベーコン-ショア論理量子ビットの準備,測定,回転,安定化測定のためのプロトコルを開発し,テストしました.
- 現実的な騒音条件下で,故障耐性のプロトコルと非故障耐性のプロトコルを比較した.
主要な成果:
- 非欠陥耐性方法と比較して論理プリミティブのエラー率を大幅に削減しました.
- 平均状態の準備と測定の誤差は0.6%で,誤差の修正後にClifford gateの誤差は0.3%であった.
- 蒸留値を超えた精度で準備された魔法の状態で,単一量子ビットの故障耐性制御要素を示しています.
結論:
- 欠陥耐久性回路は,現在の量子システムで非常に正確な論理操作を可能にします.
- 実験的な実証は,故障耐性の設計原理の実用的な適用を検証します.
- 2量子ビットゲートと中間測定のさらなる改善は,安定した論理量子ビットにつながる可能性があります.
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