まとめ
人間の骨髄性白血病の細胞は,差別化誘発因子 (DIF) に曝露されたときにマクロファージに微分化します. 研究者はDIFを精製し,このプロセスの重要な要因である腫瘍死滅因子 (TNF) である可能性が高いことを発見しました.
科学分野:
- 血液学 ヘマトロジ
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- 人間の骨髄性白血病の細胞は,微分誘導因子 (DIF) によってモノサイト/マクロファージに微分させることができる.
- 人間のDIFは部分的にT細胞リンパホキンとして特徴付けられていますが,さらなる調査が必要です.
- モノサイトはまた,コロニーを刺激する因子やインターフェロンとは異なり,ミエロイド白血病の細胞分化を引き起こす因子を産生します.
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の白血球から分化誘発因子 (DIF) を特徴付け,浄化する.
- 人間の骨髄性白血病の細胞系における微分化を誘発する特定のタンパク質を特定する.
- DIFとヒト腫瘍死滅因子 (TNF) の関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- ML-1細胞系を用いて,フィトヘマグルーチニン (PHA) 刺激された白血球の条件付け媒介からDIFを浄化する.
- 浄化されたDIF.の相対分子量 (Mr) とNH2末端配列の決定.
- 再結合ヒトTNF (rHuTNF) の分化誘発活性と,抗DIFモノクローナル抗体の中和活性を試験する.
主要な成果:
- DIFは,PHA刺激による白血球条件付け媒介から均質化まで浄化されました.
- 精製されたDIFは約17,000Daの分子量を持ち,ヒトのTNFとNH2端末配列を共有しています.
- 再結合ヒトTNFはML-1細胞の分化を引き起こし,抗DIF抗体はDIFとrHuTNFの両方の活動を中和させた.
結論:
- 白血球は,骨髄性白血病細胞の分化を促進する分化誘導因子 (DIF) を生成します.
- 人間の腫瘍死滅因子 (TNF) は,白血球によって生成される重要なDIFの1つである可能性が高い.
- TNFは,ヒトの骨髄性白血病細胞の分化において,マクロファージのような細胞に重要な役割を果たします.
関連する概念動画
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
The Tumor Microenvironment
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...


