ハイブリッド免疫は,SARS-CoV-2変種に対するB細胞と抗体を改善する
Emanuele Andreano1, Ida Paciello1, Giulia Piccini2
1Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.
Nature
|October 20, 2021
まとめ
以前にSARS-CoV-2に感染またはワクチン接種を受けた人は強力な抗体を生成します. これらの抗体は,ベータとガンマを含む新興のCOVID-19変種に対してより優れた保護を提供します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- ウイルス学
- ワクチン学
背景:
- 新興のSARS-CoV-2変種は,ワクチンの有効性や単一クローン抗体治療を脅かしています.
- B細胞と抗体の反応を理解することは,COVID-19との闘いにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- BNT162b2 mRNAワクチンを接種した未経験および回復期の個体における単細胞B細胞と抗体の反応を分析する.
- SARS-CoV-2 変種に対する抗体の中和能力を評価する.
主な方法:
- ワクチンを接種した未受験者および回復期における記憶B細胞の単細胞分析.
- SARS-CoV-2およびその変種 (アルファ,ベータ,ガンマ,デルタ) に対する単一クローン抗体生成および中和検査.
主要な成果:
- 3千以上の単一クローン抗体が生成され,そのうち400個以上がオリジナルのSARS-CoV-2株を中和させました.
- ベータとガンマの変種は抗体脱出が顕著であった (~70%),アルファとデルタは影響が少ない.
- 回復した個体からの抗体は,より大きな効能と幅を示し,特定の生殖線 (IGHV2-5;IGHJ4-1) は,広範な中和に関連した.
結論:
- 以前の感染またはワクチン接種を受けた個人は,より強力で広く中和する抗体を産生します.
- ウイルス陽性の個人は,新興のSARS-CoV-2変種を制御する能力がより高い.
- IGHV2-5;IGHJ4-1の細菌系は,COVID-19に対する強力な抗体反応に寄与する.
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