人間の遺骸に関するDNA研究の倫理: 世界的に適用可能な5つのガイドライン
Songül Alpaslan-Roodenberg1,2, David Anthony3,4, Hiba Babiker5
1Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|October 21, 2021
まとめ
古代DNA研究に関する世界的に適用可能な倫理的ガイドラインが提案され,規制の遵守,詳細な計画,遺骸への被害の最小化,データ共有,責任ある科学的慣行のための利害関係者の関与を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 考古遺伝学
- バイオエシック
- 人類学
背景:
- 考古学者,人類学者,キュレーター,遺伝学者のグローバルグループは 古代DNA研究における倫理的考察に取り組むために 仮想的に集まった.
- 既存の倫理的勧告は,多くの場合,北米を中心に,多様なグローバルな文脈でより広範な適用性を要求します.
研究 の 目的:
- 人類の遺骨から採取された古代DNAに関する研究について,世界的に適用可能な倫理的指針を提案する.
- 倫理基準が世界中の様々な文化や法律に 適応できるようにするためです
主な方法:
- 31カ国の国際専門家が参加した 仮想ワークショップを通じて ガイドラインの作成
- 倫理的原則を策定する際の,多様なグローバルな文脈と利害関係者の視点の検討
主要な成果:
- 5つの基本的な倫理的指針が提案されました:規制の遵守,研究前の計画,遺骸への損傷の最小化,データアクセシビリティ,早期の利害関係者の関与です.
- 研究プロセス全体を通して,さまざまな利害関係者の視点に対する尊重と感受性を強調する.
結論:
- 提案されたガイドラインは,世界の古代DNA研究に高い倫理基準を確立することを目的としています.
- これらの原則を遵守することで,考古遺伝学におけるより責任ある,世界的に重要な科学的な実践が促進される見込みです.
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