太陽光発電装置のグローバル・インベントリー
L Kruitwagen1, K T Story2, J Friedrich3
1Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. lucas.kruitwagen@smithschool.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|October 28, 2021
まとめ
太陽光発電施設の新たなグローバル・インベントリは 68,661 件の太陽光発電施設を明らかにし,気候とエネルギー計画に関するデータを大幅に改善しました. この改善されたデータは 持続可能な開発目標と太陽光発電の導入を 調和させるのに役立ちます
科学分野:
- 再生可能エネルギーシステム
- 地理空間分析
- 環境科学
背景:
- 太陽光発電の容量は急速に増加しています (2009年以来毎年41%).
- 予測によると,気候とエネルギー利用の目標を達成するために,2040年までに太陽光発電の容量は10倍近く増加する見込みです.
- 現存する太陽光発電の容量は,断続性,気候リスク,土地利用のトレードオフの管理には不十分です.
研究 の 目的:
- 商業用,工業用,公益用規模の太陽光発電設備 (10kW以上) の包括的なグローバル・インベントリを作成する.
- よりよいエネルギーシステム管理,気候変動の緩和,生物多様性の保全計画のための地理空間データを提供する.
- 太陽光発電の導入に関連する土地利用パターンの分析
主な方法:
- リモートセンシング画像の縦断的なコーパスを利用しました.
- 応用機械学習アルゴリズムと大規模クラウドコンピューティング
- 現存するデータより432%増加した.
主要な成果:
- 推定の世界的な発電能力は423GW (2018年末) である.
- 大半の太陽光発電施設は耕地にあり,次に乾燥地と草原が続いています.
- 強化されたデータセットには,施設の設置日,土地の覆面の歴史,脆弱な地域への近接が含まれています.
結論:
- PV発電所の資産レベルのデータを大幅に改善します.
- この資金は持続可能な開発目標に適合する太陽光発電の導入戦略を支援する.
- 土地利用パターンの理解は,エネルギー需要と保全の優先事項のバランスをとる上で極めて重要です.
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