太陽光と空気からのドロップイン燃料
Remo Schäppi1, David Rutz1, Fabian Dähler1
1Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nature
|November 4, 2021
まとめ
研究者たちは,大気中の水と二酸化炭素から 炭素中立のドロップイン燃料を作り出すために パイロット規模の太陽系を開発しました この技術は,航空と海運の持続可能な代替手段となり,二酸化炭素の排出量を大幅に削減します.
科学分野:
- 持続可能なエネルギー
- 化学工学
- 大気化学
背景:
- 航空や海運などの輸送部門は,世界のCO2排出量に大きく貢献しています.
- 現在,長距離輸送の電化に制限があるため,代替の持続可能な燃料ソリューションが必要になっています.
- 太陽光発電による熱化学プロセスは 炭素中立の液体燃料の生産に 有望な経路を提供します
研究 の 目的:
- 完全な太陽光燃料生産チェーンの統合された操作を実証する.
- 水と大気から直接吸収した二酸化炭素を使って 輸送用燃料を合成する
- 太陽光燃料の商用化のための実現可能性と要件を評価する.
主な方法:
- フィールド条件下で5kWのモジュール式熱パイロットスケールソーラーシステムを利用しました.
- 高温プロセスの熱を集約した太陽光線を用いた熱化学的経路を用いる.
- 原材料の水 (H2O) と二酸化炭素 (CO2) の統合された直接捕獲
主要な成果:
- 空気を吸収して燃料を合成するまでの ソーラー燃料生産の全過程を 成功した.
- メタノールやガソリンを含む,ドロップイン輸送燃料を生産した.
- 干ばつ地域での原料調達と燃料生産の併設の可能性を示した.
結論:
- 統合太陽光燃料生産システムは稼働し,炭素中性ドロップイン燃料を生産することができます.
- 市場導入には,さらなる研究,開発,経済可行性研究,支援政策が不可欠です.
- この技術は航空産業と海運産業の脱炭素化に 有効な解決策となります
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