Kr-h1は,社会的に調節されたホルモンに対する反応として,異なるカスト特有の神経伝染体を維持する
Janko Gospocic1, Karl M Glastad2, Lihong Sheng2
1Epigenetics Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Urology and Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Cell
|November 5, 2021
まとめ
行動の可塑性はホルモンと Kr-h1 遺伝子によって制御されます Kr-h1は 異なる脳状態を維持し 労働者やゲーマーゲイトの 行動や特徴に影響を与えます
科学分野:
- 神経倫理学
- 昆虫 の 社会 行動
- 内分泌学
背景:
- 行動の可塑性は動物の生存に不可欠であり,環境の変化に適応することを可能にします.
- ハーペナトス・サルタター・アリの特徴は 行動的な可塑性であり,個体は労働者とゲーマーゲート (女王のような) 役割の間を切り替えることができる.
研究 の 目的:
- 成人アリの脳における 異なる行動状態の基礎にある 分子機構を調査する
- ワーカーとゲーマーゲイトの脳状態の維持に関与する 重要なホルモンと転写因子を特定する
主な方法:
- 生きたハルペナトス・サルターアリで 社会的および分子操作を行いました
- 細胞と分子の反応を研究するために アリのニューロン培養を用いた.
- エクディゾンの役割と 青年ホルモンと Kr-h1 遺伝子を調べました
主要な成果:
- エクディゾーンとジュベニアルホルモンは 労働者とゲーマーゲイトの 分子と機能の違いを誘発します
- 転写抑制体 Kr-h1 は,これらのホルモンによって異なる標的遺伝子に導かれます.
- Kr-h1の枯渇は"社会的に不適切な"遺伝子のアップレギュレーションにつながり,ワーカーとゲーマーゲイトの区別を曖昧にする.
- Kr-h1の機能の喪失は,ゲーマーゲートにおける労働者行動と,ゲーマーゲート特性の発現につながります.
結論:
- Kr-h1は成人の脳の状態を維持する重要な転写因子として機能する.
- 社会的ホルモンがこれらの脳状態を確立し Kr-h1が安定性を確保します
- このメカニズムは 大人の脳の状態と行動が 社会的な昆虫で 動的に調節される方法を示しています
関連する概念動画
01:22Target Cell Response to Hormones
3.7K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
3.7K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
14.2K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
14.2K
01:30General Transcription Factors
5.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
5.9K
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
7.2K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.2K
02:41Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
7.4K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.4K
02:02Cis-regulatory Sequences
10.8K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
10.8K