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高質量 b センタウリ 二重星系 の 広い 軌道 の 巨大 惑星
Markus Janson1, Raffaele Gratton2, Laetitia Rodet3
1Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. markus.janson@astro.su.se.
Nature
|December 9, 2021
まとめ
巨大な恒星の周りに 巨大惑星が形成されることもあり これまでの仮説に 異議を唱えます この研究では 巨大な二重星系を周回する 広い軌道に惑星が発見され 惑星形成の極端を 解明することができました
科学分野:
- 外惑星科学
- 恒星 と 銀河 の 天文学
- 惑星 形成 と 進化
背景:
- 惑星の形成は,多様な恒星質量とシステム構造で観察される.
- 以前の研究では,太陽質量 (M) を超える恒星の周りの巨大惑星の頻度が低下していることが示され,形成障害が示唆されている.
- 近い惑星の検出方法は 広い軌道の伴星には敏感ではありません
研究 の 目的:
- 恒星質量パラメータ空間全体で,特に高質量で惑星の形成を調査する.
- 巨大惑星は珍しい あるいは存在しない という仮説を検証する
- 巨大な恒星を周回する 広い軌道に惑星が存在する可能性を 探求するためです
主な方法:
- エクソプラネットを検出するために 直接画像技術を使用した.
- 6から10Mのバイナリ系bセンタウリに注目した観測.
- 惑星と星の質量比と軌道分離を分析した
主要な成果:
- 太陽と地球の560倍の距離で 惑星の存在を確認しました
- 惑星の質量比 (0.10-0.17%) は木星と太陽の比率に匹敵する.
- この発見は,惑星が,これまで考えられていたよりも 遥かに大きな恒星系に 存在しうることを示しています
結論:
- 巨大な二重星の周りの 広い軌道を持つこの惑星の形成は 核増殖モデルの限界に挑戦しています
- 異なる形成場所からの重力不安定や移動などの代替形成メカニズムは妥当である.
- この発見は惑星形成の 既知のパラメータ空間を拡大し 特に巨大な恒星の周りに広がります
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