NLRは,パターンと効果因子によって引き起こされる免疫を調整するために代謝を守ります
Keran Zhai1, Di Liang1,2, Helin Li1,3
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Nature
|December 16, 2021
まとめ
米の免疫は PICI1に依存し 防衛化合物を安定させるタンパク質です 植物免疫受容体はPICI1を病原体エフェクターから保護し,ライスブラストのような病気に対する幅広い耐性を確保します.
科学分野:
- 植物免疫
- 分子植物病原体相互作用
- 植物生化学
背景:
- 植物免疫反応は,パターン誘発免疫 (PTI) とエフェクタ誘発免疫 (ETI) を含む.
- 免疫受容体,防御代謝産物,および幅広い耐性との間の調整は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 米 (Oryza sativa) の PTI と ETI の両方に対する防衛代謝産物の主要な調節物質を特定する.
- 免疫受容体と防御経路と広範囲抵抗を結びつける分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 米におけるデウビキチナゼ PICI1の識別と特徴付け
- メチオニン合成酵素を安定させ,メチオニン媒介免疫を調節するPICI1の役割の分析.
- PICI1,ブラスト菌エフェクター (例えば,AvrPi9) と植物免疫受容体 (PigmRのようなNLR) の相互作用を調査する.
- PICI1遺伝子の自然変異とその影響について
主要な成果:
- PICI1は免疫ハブとして機能し,メチオニン合成酵素をデビキチン化し安定させ,エチレン生物合成を通じてメチオニン媒介免疫を促進します.
- ブラスト菌エフェクターはPTIを抑制するためにPICI1を標的とする.
- 植物のNLR (例えばPigmR) は,PICI1をエフェクタ媒介の分解から保護し,免疫反応を再活性化します.
- PICI1の自然的な変動は,米亜種間の爆破耐性の違いに寄与する.
結論:
- NLRは,PICI1媒介の代謝経路を中心とした競争的メカニズムを使用して,エフェクタとの進化的軍拡競争に参加します.
- この経路は PTI と ETI を同期させ,米の広範囲耐性を確保します.
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