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炭化水素貯蔵庫におけるCO2貯蔵中の急速な微生物メタノゲーゼス
R L Tyne1, P H Barry2,3, M Lawson4,5
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. rebecca.tyne@earth.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|December 23, 2021
まとめ
微生物によるメタノゲーゼスは,地質学的な封じ込め研究で,注入された二酸化炭素 (CO2) の最大19%をメタン (CH4) に変換した. この微生物による変換は 重要な二酸化炭素吸収源であり 炭素の吸収と貯蔵戦略に影響を与えます
科学分野:
- 地化学
- 微生物学
- 環境科学
背景:
- 炭素の吸収と貯蔵 (CCS) は二酸化炭素の排出を軽減するために不可欠です.
- 枯渇した炭化水素貯蔵庫は 重要な二酸化炭素貯蔵能力を有しています
- 安全な地質学的貯蔵には,二酸化炭素の貯蔵メカニズムを理解することが不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 枯渇した炭化水素貯蔵庫に注入されたCO2の生地化学的運命を評価する.
- CO2強化石油回収 (CO2-EOR) 中のCO2をメタン (CH4) に微生物による変換を定量化する.
- 微生物のメタノゲーゼスが地表のCO2吸収源として果たす役割を評価する.
主な方法:
- 高貴なガス,安定した同位体,凝集した同位体の分析.
- 微生物のコミュニティを特定するための 遺伝子配列解析
- 微生物のメタノゲーゼスの in situ 速度の計算
主要な成果:
- 微生物によるメタノゲーゼスは,注入されたCO2の13~19%をCH4に変換した.
- 噴射されたCO2の最大74%が地下水に溶けます.
- 73~109ミリモールCH4/m3/年という in situ メタノゲーゼス率を計算した.
結論:
- 微生物のメタノゲーゼスは注入されたCO2の重要な地下シンクです.
- CO2をCH4に変換することは,CCSの場所の選択に考慮されるべきです.
- 地化学的な傾向は 微生物のメタノゲネシスが地球上の地下二酸化炭素の吸収源であることを示唆しています
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