中国における糖尿病の流行と治療 (2013年−2018年)
Limin Wang1, Wen Peng2,3,4, Zhenping Zhao1
1National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
JAMA
|December 28, 2021
まとめ
中国における糖尿病の流行は2013年から2018年の間に著しく増加したが,適切な治療率の改善はなかった. 肥満や栄養不良などの 危険因子も増加しており 緊急の介入が必要であることを強調しています
科学分野:
- 内分泌学
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学
背景:
- 糖尿病は中国で重大な公衆衛生上の課題となっている.
- 糖尿病の流行,認知度,治療,リスク要因に関する最新のデータは 効果的な介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 国内データを用いて,中国における糖尿病の流行,認知度,治療,リスク要因の傾向を推定する.
- 糖尿病と糖尿病前症候群の流行の変化と関連するリスク要因を時間とともに特定する.
主な方法:
- 中国本土の成人の (2013年~2014年,2018年~2019年) 横断的,全国的に代表的な調査データを活用した.
- 断食時の血糖値とヘモグロビンA1c値を測定し,診断されていない個体に対して口服によるグルコース耐性試験を実施した.
- アメリカン・糖尿病協会の基準を用いて糖尿病と糖尿病前期を定義し,認知度,治療,血糖コントロールを評価した.
主要な成果:
- 糖尿病の罹患率は2013年の10.9%から2018年の12.4%に増加した (P < .001).
- 前糖尿病の罹患率は,2013年に35.7%,2018年には38.1%であった (P=0.07).
- 2018年には,糖尿病の認識は36.7%しかなく,治療を受けた患者は32.9%であり,治療を受けた患者の50.1%は血糖値を適切にコントロールしていた.これらの割合は2013年から有意な変化を示さなかった. 身体活動が少ない,赤肉の摂取量が多い,肥満の割合が著しく増加した.
結論:
- 中国における糖尿病の推定罹患率は高く,2013年から2018年の間に増加しています.
- この期間中,適切な糖尿病治療の有意な改善は認められなかった.
- リスク要因の増加と治療率の停滞は,公衆衛生戦略の強化の必要性を強調しています.
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