アンドロゲンは,人間の脳オルガノイドの興奮性ニューロゲンポテンシャルを増加させる
Iva Kelava1,2, Ilaria Chiaradia3, Laura Pellegrini3
1Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK. ik9@sanger.ac.uk.
Nature
|January 20, 2022
まとめ
アンドロゲンは性染色体ではなく 男性と女性の脳の大きさの違いを 刺激神経細胞の産生を増加させています この研究では 脳器官を用いて 神経発達における性差のホルモンの基礎を明らかにしました
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 内分泌学
背景:
- 人間の男性と女性の脳には 形質的な違いがあり 大きさが顕著です
- 性別による脳の違いの 基礎となる正確な生物学的メカニズムは ほとんど不明です
研究 の 目的:
- 人間の神経形成における性染色体補充と性ステロイドの役割を調査する.
- 性に関連した脳の発達に関与する 分子経路を解明する
主な方法:
- 早期の脳の発達をモデル化するために 人間の脳のオーガノイドを使用した.
- トランスクリプトミア分析と機能研究を行いました
- セックスステロイド,特にアンドロゲンの ニューラルプロジェニター細胞への影響を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 性染色体補充は脳オルガノイドの神経生成に有意な影響を及ぼさなかった.
- アンドロゲンは,皮質の祖先の増殖と全体的な神経原性プールを増やすことが判明しました.
- ヒストン脱酸化酵素活性とmTOR経路への下流効果が特定されました.
- アンドロゲンは刺激性ニューロンの産出を 選択的に増加させた. 抑制性ニューロンの産出を 選択的に増加させた.
結論:
- アンドロゲンは発達の過程で興奮神経細胞の数を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.
- これらの発見は 人間の脳の構造と機能における 性別による差異の起源に 洞察力を与えてくれます
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