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関連する概念動画

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

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Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

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The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Protocols for Visualizing Steroidogenic Organs and Their Interactive Organs with Immunostaining in the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster
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性別とエストロサイクルに依存する遺伝子発現と行動のための機能的な細胞の枠組み

Joseph R Knoedler1, Sayaka Inoue1, Daniel W Bayless1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Cell
|January 23, 2022
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,特定のエストロゲン受容体1発現 (Esr1+) ニューロンが性特有の行動を制御する方法を明らかにしています. 研究者らは,男性の性別認識と女性の交配に不可欠な異なるEsr1+細胞タイプを特定し,社会的行動の規制における細胞の専門性を強調した.

キーワード:
攻撃性ディープシーケンシングエストルサイクル母親の行動交尾する月経周期性別の違い社会的行動シナプス可塑性トランスクリプトミカルに定義された細胞タイプ

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Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue
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Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue
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科学分野:

  • 神経生物学
  • 内分泌学
  • 行動神経科学

背景:

  • 性ホルモンはジェンダーに大きく影響します
  • 性ホルモンに反応する集団による性特有の行動規制の基礎となる正確な神経機構は,ほとんど不明のままである.

研究 の 目的:

  • エストロゲン受容体1発現 (Esr1+) ニューロン集団が性特有の行動の調節における役割を調査する.
  • 特定のEsr1+細胞タイプとより広範なニューロンネットワーク内の機能を特定する.

主な方法:

  • 4つのEsr1+集団のオートゴーナル,遺伝子的に標的化されたシーケンシング.
  • 性別と雌性状態の差異性遺伝子発現分析
  • 特定されたEsr1+細胞タイプ (BNSTprTac1/Esr1とVMHvlCckar/Esr1) の機能的特徴

主要な成果:

  • 137種類のEsr1+細胞で 1,415の異なる発現遺伝子を特定した.
  • BNSTprTac1/Esr1細胞が男性の性別認識に不可欠であることが発見されました.
  • VMHVICKAR/ESR1細胞が 雌の交尾行動に 重要なことを発見しました
  • VMHVlCckar/Esr1 細胞は他の VMHVlEsr1 細胞と比較して異なる予測を示した.

結論:

  • 特定のEsr1+細胞タイプは,機能的および投影的専門性を示す.
  • この細胞の特異化により 性ホルモンに敏感な集団は 社会的行動の多様性を 制御することができます
  • この二形細胞のタイプを理解することで 性特有の行動の神経生物学的な基盤を 洞察できます