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Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

2.0K
Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
2.0K
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

3.1K
The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the...
3.1K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

4.1K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
4.1K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

3.5K
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
3.5K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

2.9K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
2.9K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

9.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.8K

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Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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ダイアゾシンコーディネーションケージの光駆動分散装置

Haeri Lee1,2, Jacopo Tessarolo1, Daniel Langbehn3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto Hahn Straße 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 26, 2022
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,ダイアゾシン光スイッチを使用して,新しい光に反応するパラジウム調整ケージを開発しました. このケージは光を使って ゲストを逆向きに結合し 適応性のある受容体や 薬物投与システムに 潜在力を提供します

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科学分野:

  • 超分子化学
  • 写真化学
  • 協調化学

背景:

  • 刺激に反応する調整ケージは,ゲストの封じ込めと放出を動的に制御できます.
  • 光は,正確な制御と浪費の欠如により,反応性のあるシステムにとって理想的な刺激です.
  • 先進的な分子システムには 新しい光交換可能な構成要素の開発が不可欠です

研究 の 目的:

  • ダイアゾシン光スイッチを組み込んだ最初のパラジアム媒介調整ケージを報告する.
  • 照明による調整ケージの組み立てと分解を調査する.
  • 写真交換可能なケージの ゲストの結合能力を調べるためだ

主な方法:

  • ダイアゾシンを含むリガンドを用いたパラジアム媒介の調整ケージの合成
  • 特定の波長 (385 nm と 530 nm) で UV-Vis の吸収と照射を用いた光異性化研究.
  • NMR,イオンモビリティESI-MS,X線微分を用いたケージ組立,ゲスト結合,分解の特徴化.

主要な成果:

  • *cis*-光同位体は種混合体 ([Pd-L2) を形成し, *trans*-同位体は定義された[Pd2-L4]のケージを形成する.
  • [Pd2L4]ケージは,連続した紫外線照射 (385 nm) の下で二硫酸客を反転的に結合する.
  • 熱的なリラックスまたは530nmの光は,ケージの解体とゲストの解放を誘発し, *cis*システムに戻します.

結論:

  • ダイアゾチンを基にした新しい写真交換可能なパラジウム調整ケージが成功して合成されました.
  • このケージは光によって制御される 逆転性ゲスト結合を示し,光で活性化される 分子装置の可能性を示している.
  • この研究は,ダイナミックで反応性の高い超分子システムを設計するためのツールキットを拡張します.