様々なSARS-CoV-2変種に対するトリプルワクチン接種者からのメモリB細胞レパートリー
Kang Wang1, Zijing Jia1,2, Linilin Bao3
1CAS Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature
|January 28, 2022
まとめ
不活性化されたSARS-CoV-2ワクチンの3回の投与は,オミクロン変種に対する中和抗体の反応を著しく改善します. 広範に中和するモノクローナル抗体は保護を提供し,普遍的なワクチンの開発を促します.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- 免疫学
- ワクチン学
背景:
- オミクロン (B.1.1.529) は,中和抗体に対する耐性が高いSARS-CoV-2変異種である.
- この抵抗は,現在の抗体療法とワクチンの有効性について懸念を喚起しています.
研究 の 目的:
- オミクロン変種に対する無活性化されたSARS-CoV-2ワクチンを接種した個体の血清の中和能力を評価する.
- 懸念されるSARS-CoV-2変種に対して有効な,広範囲にわたって中和する単一クローン抗体を特定し,特徴づけること.
主な方法:
- セラ中和試験は,不活性化されたSARS-CoV-2ワクチンの2回または3回投与を受けた個人に実施された.
- ヒトのモノクローナル抗体は,トリプルワクチン接種者の記憶B細胞から分離された.
- オミクロンスパイクタンパク質- 抗体複合体の構造分析が行われました.
主要な成果:
- 3回接種は95%の個体で中和抗体を誘発したが,オミクロンでは原型ウイルスより16. 5倍も低かった.
- 単離されたモノクローナル抗体のサブセットは,オミクロンや他の懸念される変種を強力に中和しました.
- モノクローナル抗体の治療はベータとオミクロン変異の感染からマウスを保護しました.
結論:
- SARS-CoV-2 変種に対する保護を強化するために,3 回の予防接種は合理的です.
- 広く中和する抗体によって標的にされる同定されたエピトープは,普遍的なサルベコウイルスワクチンの潜在的な標的である.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Immunological Memory
7.9K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
7.9K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
5.3K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
5.3K
Cross-reactivity
31.6K
Overview
31.6K
Vaccinations
45.6K
Overview
45.6K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
882
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
882
Viral Recombination
23.9K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.9K


