生体細胞におけるタンパク質O-GLCNAcylationの空間時間的活性化
Jiahui He1, Zhiya Fan2, Yinping Tian1,3
1College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 9, 2022
まとめ
研究者は,細胞内のO-リンクされたN-アセチルグルコサミン (O-GlcNAc) 転送酶 (OGT) の活性を正確に管理するための光制御ツールを開発しました. この技術革新により,空間時間的な制御が可能になり,O-GlcNAcの研究が進んでいます.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- セルラー・シグナル
- 生物化学
背景:
- O-リンクされたN-アセチルグルコサミン (O-GlcNAc) は,細胞プロセスを調節する重要な翻訳後の変化です.
- O-GlcNAc移転酵素 (OGT) は,O-GlcNAc変異を触媒する唯一の酵素である.
- 現在の方法では,OGTの活動に対する空間時間的な制御が欠如しており,機能的研究を妨げています.
研究 の 目的:
- 生体細胞における光誘導および空間時間制御のための新しいツールを開発する.
- O-GlcNAc変異の機能的役割をより精密に調査する.
主な方法:
- 遺伝的にコードされた光ケージライシンを使用して,触媒的に無効なOGT変異体を作りました.
- 光に曝露すると,OGTの活性が迅速に再活性化されます.
- 質量スペクトロメトリーに基づく定量プロテオミクスは,O-GlcNAcグリコタンパク質をプロファイルするために使用されました.
主要な成果:
- 細胞内のO- GlcNAc濃度の上昇につながった,光誘発によるOGT活性化の成功が実証された.
- この方法は,OGTの精密な空間的活性化,主に細胞溶液で可能にしました.
- 制御されたOGTの活性化は,線維細胞の形態的収縮を調節することが示された.
結論:
- OGTの活動に対する前例のない時空制御を可能にします.
- このアプローチは,O-GlcNAcの生物学とその機能的影響を研究する能力を大幅に高めています.
- 開発されたシステムは,生理学と病理学のO-GlcNAc媒介細胞機能を理解するための貴重なリソースを提供します.
関連する概念動画
Protein Dynamics in Living Cells
2.3K
Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...
2.3K
Protein Glycosylation
7.6K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Glycosylation occurs in...
7.6K
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
7.7K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
7.7K
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways
6.9K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
6.9K
Phosphorylation
51.8K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
51.8K


