傷害を許容する,二重スケールの,単一結晶の微細格子である,ノボビー星,
Ting Yang1, Hongshun Chen1, Zian Jia1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
まとめ
科学者たちは 単一結晶の微細網を 海洋星の骨格で発見しました このダブルスケール構造は 損傷耐性を高め 先進的な細胞材料の設計に 洞察力を提供します
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- バイオミネラル化
- 構造生物学
背景:
- 発泡体やハネコムのような細胞固体は 機械的な効率性のために 自然と工学で一般的です
- 既存の細胞材料は通常,多結晶または無形成分で構成されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 生物鉱物化した骨格の 異様な二重スケールの 単一結晶の微細網を報告する
- この生物学的マイクログリッドの構造と結晶学的特徴を調査する.
- 合成構造の 細胞固体を設計するための 洞察を提供するためです
主な方法:
- 海星骨格の微細構造の分析
- マイクログリッドの幾何学と結晶学的配列の特徴.
- 原子と格子レベルで断裂の行動を調査する.
主要な成果:
- ダイアモンド三重周期的な最小表面幾何学 (約. 30ミクロメートルの格子定数).
- [111]方向の結晶学的な調整は,原子スケールでのカルシットc軸と一致する.
- 格子レベルの構造的グラデーション,変位,およびコンコイド骨折の行動の観察.
結論:
- ダブルスケールで結晶学的に協調したマイクログリットは,損傷耐性を著しく高めます.
- この生物学的設計は 新種の合成構造の 細胞固体の開発に 価値ある洞察をもたらします
- バイオミネラル化された材料の階層構造は,材料科学の高度な設計原理を示しています.
関連する概念動画
Photosystem II
The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment molecules...
The pigment molecules are arranged across two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment molecules...
Photosystem I
Although structurally similar to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI) is has a different electron supplier and electron acceptor.
Both these photosystems work in concert. An excited electron from PSII is relayed to PSI via an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, which is comprised of the carrier molecule plastoquinone, the dual-protein cytochrome complex, and plastocyanin. As electrons move between PSII and PSI, they lose energy and must be re-energized...
Both these photosystems work in concert. An excited electron from PSII is relayed to PSI via an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, which is comprised of the carrier molecule plastoquinone, the dual-protein cytochrome complex, and plastocyanin. As electrons move between PSII and PSI, they lose energy and must be re-energized...
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
Channel Rhodopsins
Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
Red Algae
Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...


