粘膜菌は17型免疫を介して腸のバリア機能と社会的行動を促進します
Irina Leonardi1, Iris H Gao2, Woan-Yu Lin2
1Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Cell
|February 17, 2022
まとめ
腸内菌は腸の健康を維持し 行動に影響を与えます 特定の粘膜関連キノコ (MAF) は腸の障壁を強化し,免疫シグナル伝達を通じて社会行動を調節します.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 神経科学
背景:
- 腸内菌群は宿主の健康に不可欠ですが ホメオスタシスを維持するメカニズムは完全に理解されていません
- 菌群の乱れは 様々な病理と関連しています
研究 の 目的:
- 消化器系に沿った腸内菌群の 空間的組織を調べるため
- 腸内粘膜と関連する特定の真菌とその機能的役割を特定する.
- 宿主の免疫と行動に及ぼす影響を調べるため
主な方法:
- マウスとヒトにおけるミコバイオータの生物地理学的特徴
- 粘膜関連菌 (MAF) の特定
- マウスの腸内皮質機能,傷害抵抗性,および社会的行動に対するMAFの影響の評価.
- 免疫経路の分析 (IL-22,IL-17R)
主要な成果:
- マウスとヒトの腸内粘膜と関連してMAFというサブセットが特定されました.
- MAFは腸内皮質機能を強化し,傷害や細菌感染から保護しました.
- MAFによる腸内植民はマウスの社会的行動を促進した.
- 腸内バリア効果はIL-22 (CD4+ Tヘルパー細胞) に依存し,行動効果は神経細胞におけるIL-17R信号伝達に関与した.
結論:
- 腸内菌群の空間的分布は宿主保護性免疫と上皮壁の整合性に関連しています.
- 腸内キノコは17型免疫反応を含む神経免疫経路を通じて宿主の行動を調節することができます.
- MAFは腸内病変や神経免疫疾患の 治療対象となる可能性がある.
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