高齢者における心房細動のスクリーニング: VITAL-AF ランダム化試験
Steven A Lubitz1,2, Steven J Atlas3, Jeffrey M Ashburner3,2
1Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias and Cardiovascular Research Center (S.A.L., S.K., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
Circulation
|March 2, 2022
まとめ
主治医療における手持式心電図を用いた心房細動の診察は,65歳以上の患者の心房細動の新規診断を増加させなかった. 高齢者についてはさらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- 心臓病科
- 主要治療薬
- 医療機器
背景:
- 診断されていない心房細動 (AF) は,予防可能な脳卒中のリスクをもたらします.
- 現行のAFスクリーニングガイドラインにはコンセンサスが欠けている.
- この研究は,プライマリケアにおける AF検出の効果的な戦略の必要性を明らかにしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 主治医の診察中に手持ちの単線心電図を用いて,心電図の検診の有効性を評価する.
- このスクリーニング方法が65歳以上の患者でAFの診断を増加させるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 16のプライマリケアクリニックを対象とした ランダム化比較試験です
- 65歳以上の患者は,手持式心電図によるAFスクリーニングまたは通常の治療にランダムに割り当てられました.
- 新しいAF診断は1年間の追跡期間中に確認された.
主要な成果:
- スクリーニングと通常の治療群の間で新しいAF診断の有意な違いはありません (1. 72%対1. 59%).
- 検診グループでは,85歳以上の患者でAFの新規発症率が高かった (5. 56% 対 3. 76%)
- 口服抗凝固薬の開始率は,新たに診断されたAF患者の両グループで類似した.
結論:
- 初等医療における手持式心電図によるAFの診察は,65歳以上の患者でAFの新規診断を増加させなかった.
- スクリーニングは,高齢者 (≥85歳) のサブグループにおいてより有益である可能性があります.
- この研究では,口服抗凝固剤の投与開始がグループによって異なることは認められませんでした.
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