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関連する概念動画

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

53.2K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
53.2K
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

5.3K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
5.3K
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

520
The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
520
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

17.6K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.6K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

54.6K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
54.6K
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

185
CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
185

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing
08:23

CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing

Published on: November 1, 2024

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CRISPR-Cas9による不一致監視の構造的基礎

Jack P K Bravo1, Mu-Sen Liu1, Grace N Hibshman1,2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

Nature
|March 3, 2022
PubMed
まとめ

CRISPR-Cas9のゲノム編集は 対象外DNA分裂によって制限されています この研究は,Cas9が不一致を認識する方法を明らかにし,より高い精度で高精度バリエーションの設計を可能にします.

さらに関連する動画

A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells
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A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells

Published on: August 25, 2017

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Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format
08:25

Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format

Published on: April 8, 2017

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Oct 1, 2025

CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing
08:23

CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing

Published on: November 1, 2024

910
A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells
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A Standard Methodology to Examine On-site Mutagenicity As a Function of Point Mutation Repair Catalyzed by CRISPR/Cas9 and SsODN in Human Cells

Published on: August 25, 2017

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Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format
08:25

Using a Fluorescent PCR-capillary Gel Electrophoresis Technique to Genotype CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Knockout Mutants in a High-throughput Format

Published on: April 8, 2017

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • CRISPR-Cas9ゲノム編集は強力なツールですが,不一致認識メカニズムの理解が不足しているため,対象外DNAの分裂に苦しんでいます.
  • 改善された不一致差別を持つ既存のCas9変種は,しばしば標的割れ率を低下させ,その治療的可能性を制限する.

研究 の 目的:

  • Cas9の不一致認識と分裂の基礎となる構造的メカニズムを解明する.
  • 次の世代の高精度Cas9変種を設計し 特殊性を高め 活動性を維持します

主な方法:

  • 運動誘導型冷凍電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) を用いて,DNA不一致分裂の様々な段階でCas9の構造を捕捉した.
  • サイト・ディレクテッド・ミュータゲネシスは,ミスマッチの安定化に関わる特定の残留物を変化させるために使用された.

主要な成果:

  • Cas9の活性化を阻害する明確な線形ガイドRNA-DNA複合形状は,不一致の存在で観察されました.
  • プロトスペーサーの隣接モチーフへの不一致は,再編成されたRuvCドメインループによって安定化される.
  • 不一致の安定化残留物の変異は,標的外分裂を成功裏に減らし,同時に標的内分裂を迅速に維持した.

結論:

  • 配列不一致に耐えるCas9領域をターゲットにすることで,高精度ゲノム編集ツールの開発に有効な戦略が提供されます.
  • この研究は,改善されたCRISPR-Cas9システムを設計し,治療用途の特異性を高めるための構造的基盤を提供します.