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関連する概念動画

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

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Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
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Meristems and Plant Growth02:36

Meristems and Plant Growth

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Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
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Gravitropism: Plant Responses to Gravity
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Basic Plant Anatomy: Roots, Stems, and Leaves02:27

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The primary organs of vascular plants are roots, stems, and leaves, but these structures can be highly variable, adapted for the specific needs and environment of different plant species.
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Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
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Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
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Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Hairy Root-Based Transformation Protocols for Enhanced Efficiency in Brassicaceae
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芽から根が形成される

Lidor Shaar-Moshe1,2, Siobhan M Brady1,2

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 3, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

根の発達を制御する遺伝子を特定することは 植物農業の改善の鍵です これらの遺伝的要因を理解することで 農作物生産と食糧安全保障に 革命が起こります

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A Simple Chamber for Long-term Confocal Imaging of Root and Hypocotyl Development
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A Simple Chamber for Long-term Confocal Imaging of Root and Hypocotyl Development
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科学分野:

  • 植物遺伝学と分子生物学
  • 農業科学
  • 農作物の改良

背景:

  • 植物の根系構造は 植物の生産性を決定する重要な要素です
  • 根の発達に対する遺伝的コントロールは まだ十分に理解されていない.
  • 根の種類によって 栄養素と水の吸収が左右されます

研究 の 目的:

  • 多様な根の形状を制御する遺伝子を特定し特徴づけること
  • 根系変異の遺伝的根拠を理解する
  • 目標の作物育種のための基盤を提供するためです.

主な方法:

  • 多様な植物集団における全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS)
  • 遺伝子発現分析は RNA 配列解析を用いて行います
  • ミュータントのスクリーニングと根の発達の特徴付け

主要な成果:

  • 特定の根の特徴 (例えば,横根形成,一次根の伸び) と関連した新しい遺伝子の発見.
  • ルーツアーキテクチャを制御する重要な規制経路の特定
  • 遺伝子発現パターンと観察された根のフェノタイプとの相関関係.

結論:

  • 根の育成の遺伝的基盤を解き放つことで 農業の変革の可能性が生まれます
  • これらの発見は 改良された植物の根系を 設計するための道を開きます
  • 標的型遺伝子操作は,植物におけるストレス耐性と資源獲得を高めることができます.