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関連する概念動画

Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

13.6K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
13.6K
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:35

Transfer RNA Synthesis

3.9K
No description available
3.9K
Translation01:31

Translation

21.1K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
21.1K
Translation01:31

Translation

158.7K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
158.7K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

9.0K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
9.0K
pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

57.9K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
57.9K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Tuning Degradation to Achieve Specific and Efficient Protein Depletion
05:11

Tuning Degradation to Achieve Specific and Efficient Protein Depletion

Published on: July 20, 2019

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先駆的tRNAを蓄積する酵母変異体.

A K Hopper, F Banks

    Cell
    |June 1, 1978
    PubMed
    まとめ

    酵母変異体 ts136 は新しいRNA種を蓄積し,転送RNA (tRNA) の生物合成と処理に欠陥があることを示唆しています. この核分解性欠陥は,メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) 輸送を妨げることもあります.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • イースト遺伝学 イースト遺伝学
    • RNA 処理 RNA 処理

    背景:

    • 条件付き酵母変異体 ts136 は,以前,mRNA核から細胞プラズマへの輸送に欠陥があると提案されていた.
    • この研究は,tRNA生物合成における潜在的な欠陥である別の仮説を調査しています.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 酵母変異体 ts136.6 のRNA処理欠陥を特徴づけるために.
    • ts136がtRNAバイオシンセシスに欠陥があるかどうかを判断する.
    • tRNA処理とmRNA輸送の関係を探求する.

    主な方法:

    • ポリアクリラミドゲル電泳を用いた制限温度でts136によって蓄積されたRNA種の分析.
    • イーストtRNA遺伝子を含んだE. coliのプラズミッドを用いたハイブリダイゼーション研究.
    • 蓄積されたRNA種における改変およびメチル塩基含有量の評価.

    主要な成果:

    • ts136は制限温度で12種類の新しいRNAを蓄積する.
    • いくつかの蓄積されたRNAは前駆体tRNAと共移動し,tRNA遺伝子にハイブリッド化します.
    • 3つのRNA種 (1a,1b,1c) は2つのタンデムtRNAに十分な大きさであり,改変塩基がない.

    さらに関連する動画

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
    09:21

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

    Published on: October 22, 2018

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    Generation of RNA/DNA Hybrids in Genomic DNA by Transformation using RNA-containing Oligonucleotides
    16:42

    Generation of RNA/DNA Hybrids in Genomic DNA by Transformation using RNA-containing Oligonucleotides

    Published on: November 25, 2010

    27.5K

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

    Tuning Degradation to Achieve Specific and Efficient Protein Depletion
    05:11

    Tuning Degradation to Achieve Specific and Efficient Protein Depletion

    Published on: July 20, 2019

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    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
    09:21

    Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

    Published on: October 22, 2018

    9.7K
    Generation of RNA/DNA Hybrids in Genomic DNA by Transformation using RNA-containing Oligonucleotides
    16:42

    Generation of RNA/DNA Hybrids in Genomic DNA by Transformation using RNA-containing Oligonucleotides

    Published on: November 25, 2010

    27.5K
  • 他の蓄積されたRNA (2-8) は,典型的なtRNA改変塩基を含み,tRNA遺伝子にハイブリッド化します.
  • リボソームのRNA合成も ts136.6で損なわれています.

    • 結論:

    • イースト変異体 ts136 は,tRNA 生合成/処理とリボソームRNA合成の両方で欠陥を示しています.
    • 蓄積されたRNA種は,RNA処理に不可欠な核分解活動に欠陥があることを示唆している.
    • この核分解性欠陥は,効率的なRNA輸送の前提条件であると仮定され,以前に観察されたmRNA輸送欠陥を潜在的に説明します.