米国における郡レベルの死亡率と熱帯サイクロンの関連
Robbie M Parks1,2, Jaime Benavides1, G Brooke Anderson3
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.
JAMA
|March 8, 2022
まとめ
熱帯サイクロンは負傷,感染症,心血管,呼吸器疾患,神経精神疾患による死亡率を高めます この研究は,サイクロンの日が31年間にわたって米国における特定死因率に及ぼす影響を定量化しています.
科学分野:
- 環境 健康
- 流行病学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- トロピカルサイクロンは社会に重大なリスクをもたらしますが,原因特定による死亡率に対する長期的な影響に関する包括的なデータは限られています.
- これらの関連性を理解することは,公衆衛生の準備と対応に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- アメリカ合衆国における郡レベルの熱帯サイクロンへの曝露と特定原因による死亡率との関連を評価する.
- 死因の様々な根本的な原因を考慮し,31年間の死亡傾向を分析する.
主な方法:
- 遡及的観察研究では,ベイエスの条件付き準ポアソンモデルを使用した.
- 1988年から2018年の間に,1206の郡で発生した3360万人の死亡データを分析した.
- 熱帯サイクロンの日は,最大風速が34ノット以上で持続する日として定義されました.
主要な成果:
- 月に1日当たりの熱帯サイクロンは,負傷 (3.7%),感染症 (1.8%),呼吸器疾患 (1.3%),心臓血管疾患 (1.2%),神経精神疾患 (1.2%) の死亡率の増加と関連していました.
- がんによる死亡率と有意な関連性は見つかりませんでした.
- これらの関連性は,異なる年齢層,性別,社会的脆弱性指数で分析されました.
結論:
- 熱帯サイクロンへの曝露は,そのイベントの後の数ヶ月の間に,いくつかの原因による死亡率の増加と関連しています.
- 発見は,サイクロンに罹患しやすい地域における標的型公衆衛生介入の必要性を強調しています.
- この研究は,熱帯のサイクロンの長期的な健康への影響について貴重な洞察を提供します.
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