肉食恐竜の水中採食

Matteo Fabbri¹, Guillermo Navalón^2,3,4, Roger B J Benson⁵

¹Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA. mfabbri@fieldmuseum.org.

Nature

|March 24, 2022

まとめ

スピノサウルスの恐竜は水生特異種で初期の白亜紀の水環境に適応していたことが新しい研究で明らかになりましたこの発見は鳥類以外の恐竜とその陸上の生活様式に関する過去の信念に異議を唱えるものです

科学分野:

古生物学
脊椎動物学
進化生物学

背景:

二次的な水生適応は,陸上の脊椎動物で30回以上独立して進化した.
非鳥類の恐竜は長い間例外と考えられ,水生生物の種はほとんどなかったが,証拠は論争の的だった.
絶滅した動物における明確な水生適応を特定することは困難です

研究の目的:

骨の密度を用いて絶滅した種の水生生物の習慣を推論する信頼できる方法を確立する.
非鳥類の恐竜,特にスピノサウリドの水生適応の流行を調査する.
水中のスピノサウリドの生態学的多様性を探求するためです

主な方法:

骨密度と水生生態系との関係を分析する.
非鳥類の恐竜の化石の証拠を評価するために,この骨密度推論法を適用します.
他の水生爬虫類や哺乳類のパターンと比較した結果です

主要な成果:

骨密度の増加と水生生活習慣の強い相関は,現存する種で確認された.
スピノサウリドは骨密度が著しく増加し水生生物に適応したことを示している.
スピノサウルスの生態学的多様性は,水中の餌探し (スピノサウルス,バリオニックス) と潜水しない習慣 (スコーミムス) を含む.

結論:

絶滅した脊椎動物の水生生活習慣の信頼できる指標として機能しています
スピノサウリドは水生生物の専門家で初期の白亜紀にこれらの適応を進化させました
スピノサウリドの水生適応は,他の水生脊椎動物のパターンを反映した,より明白な解剖学的変化に先立ちました.

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