Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.7K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.7K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.5K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.5K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.4K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.4K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.8K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.8K
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

2.4K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
2.4K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.2K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.2K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Integrating machine learning and statistical analysis to forecast insufficient physical activity trends using socio-demographic predictors.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same author

Natural product FZJDXJ enhances CD8+ T-cell glycolysis to relieve exhaustion and augment antitumor immunity in HBV<sup>+</sup> hepatocellular carcinoma.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

Effects of Nb Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metal in 960 MPa Grade Low-Alloy High-Strength Steel.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Imaging Multistep s‑Triazine Oligomerization via Cobalt-Assisted Deamination and Selective C-C Coupling.

Precision chemistry·2026
Same author

Iterative Synthesis of Pyrene-Coronene Molecular Graphene Nanoribbons.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Real-Space Molecular Resolution Imaging of Graphite-Anchored MOF Surfaces via Atomic Force Microscopy at the Liquid-Solid Interface.

Small methods·2026

関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.0K

2Dダイナミックコバルントポリマーにおけるポリメリゼーションの観察

Gaolei Zhan1,2, Zhen-Feng Cai3,4, Karol Strutyński5

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Nature
|March 31, 2022
PubMed
まとめ

この研究では,現地スキャントンネル顕微鏡を用いた2Dダイナミック共性ポリマーのリアルタイムポリメリゼーションと結晶化ダイナミクスを明らかにした. 重要な結晶化パラメータを定量化し,単一結晶形成の異常な粒子の成長を示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Monitoring the Effects of Illumination on the Structure of Conjugated Polymer Gels Using Neutron Scattering
06:16

Monitoring the Effects of Illumination on the Structure of Conjugated Polymer Gels Using Neutron Scattering

Published on: December 21, 2017

5.8K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

8.8K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 28, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.0K
Monitoring the Effects of Illumination on the Structure of Conjugated Polymer Gels Using Neutron Scattering
06:16

Monitoring the Effects of Illumination on the Structure of Conjugated Polymer Gels Using Neutron Scattering

Published on: December 21, 2017

5.8K
Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals
10:35

Novel Techniques for Observing Structural Dynamics of Photoresponsive Liquid Crystals

Published on: May 29, 2018

8.8K

科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • ポリマー化学
  • 表面科学

背景:

  • 結晶2Dポリマーの品質は,ポリメリゼーションと結晶化メカニズムに依存しています.
  • これらのプロセスを理解することは,触媒と光電子学の材料特性を調整するための鍵です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 2Dダイナミック共性ポリマーの核化-延長プロセスを特徴付ける.
  • ポリメリゼーションと結晶化のメカニズムをリアルタイムで (亜) 分子レベルで明らかにする.
  • 重要な結晶化パラメータを決定し,結晶の成長現象を探求する.

主な方法:

  • リアルタイムの観測のためのインサイトスキャニングトンネル顕微鏡 (STM).
  • ポリメリゼーションと結晶化の連続データ分析
  • 合理化のための原子的コンピュータモデリング

主要な成果:

  • 無形から結晶への移行と時間依存の核の進化を観察した.
  • 特定された"非古典的"結晶化経路.
  • 実験的に決定された重要な核の大きさ,核形成率,および成長率.
  • 2次元結晶形成に影響を与える異常な粒子の成長が示された.

結論:

  • 表面上のダイナミックなポリメリゼーションの詳細な画像を提供した.
  • 結晶化パラメータを正確に決定する方法を確立した.
  • 単結晶の2Dポリマーを得るために異常な粒子の成長が利用できることを示しました.